Mapping the global prevalence, incidence, and mortality of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria, 2000-22: a spatial and temporal modelling study.

Background: Malaria remains a leading cause of illness and death globally, with countries in sub-Saharan Africa bearing a disproportionate burden. Global high-resolution maps of malaria prevalence, incidence, and mortality are crucial for tracking spatially heterogeneous progress against the disease and to inform strategic malaria control efforts. We present the latest such maps, the first since 2019, which cover the years 2000-22.

How Intersectionality Informs Occupational Therapy Practice, Education, and Research: A Scoping Review.

Importance: Lack of consideration of intersectionality by occupational therapy practitioners, faculty, and researchers can result in inequities experienced by students and clients served.

Objective: To determine how intersectionality is represented in the scholarly literature used to inform occupational therapy practice, research, and education.

Data Sources: A comprehensive database that includes CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO.

Digital Mental Health Screening, Feedback, and Referral System for Teens With Socially Complex Needs: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Integrating the Teen Assess, Check, and Heal System into Pediatric Primary Care.

Background: Teens with socially complex needs-those who face multiple and potentially overlapping adversities-are disproportionately affected by several barriers to mental health screening and treatment. Pediatric primary care (PPC) is a typically low-stigmatized setting for teens that is visited at least annually. As such, implementing digital mental health tools (DMH), as low-intensity treatments in PPCs may increase the reach of such tools for teens with socially complex needs.

Phase 1 trial of durvalumab (anti-PD-L1) combined with lenalidomide in relapsed/refractory cutaneous T cell lymphoma.

Selective targeting of the functionally exhausted malignant T cells in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and distinct cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) via PD1/PD-L1 blockade (durvalumab) may restore an anti-tumor immune response. The oral immunomodulator lenalidomide, which has activity in CTCL, may enhance durvalumab immune checkpoint blockade. Our phase 1/2 clinical trial of durvalumab and lenalidomide in patients with refractory/advanced CTCL (NCT03011814) sought to assess safety and tolerability and identify the maximum tolerated dose/recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of lenalidomide plus fixed-dose durvalumab.

Food deprivation is associated with telomere elongation during hibernation in a primate.

Telomeres, the protective ends of chromosomes, progressively shorten due to incomplete mitotic replication and oxidative stress. In some organisms, transient telomere elongation may occur, for example, when individuals have an energy surplus to counter stress-induced life events or when elongating telomeres is a last chance to increase fitness. Mammalian hibernators are good models to test telomere dynamics, as they cycle between prolonged bouts of metabolic depression (torpor) punctuated by short surges to euthermia (arousals).

Site-selective photo-crosslinking for the characterisation of transient ubiquitin-like protein-protein interactions.

Non-covalent protein-protein interactions are one of the most fundamental building blocks in cellular signalling pathways. Despite this, they have been historically hard to identify using conventional methods due to their often weak and transient nature. Using genetic code expansion and incorporation of commercially available unnatural amino acids, we have developed a highly accessible method whereby interactions between biotinylated ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) probes and their binding partners can be stabilised using ultraviolet (UV) light-induced crosslinks.

Climate Change and Malaria: A Call for Robust Analytics.

Mosquito ecology and behavior and malaria parasite development display marked sensitivity to weather, in particular to temperature and precipitation. Therefore, climate change is expected to profoundly affect malaria epidemiology in its transmission, spatiotemporal distribution and consequent disease burden. However, malaria transmission is also complicated by other factors (e.

Evaluating self-efficacy as a treatment mechanism during an intensive treatment program for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Objective: Although traumatic exposures are common, only a small percentage of people exposed to trauma go on to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This phenomenon suggests that there may be psychological factors that influence posttraumatic recovery trajectories. Beliefs about one's ability to cope with traumatic events have been proposed as a mechanism of posttraumatic recovery.

Association of polycystic ovary syndrome with endothelial health, cardiovascular risk, and cellular aging.

Objective: To study measures of endothelial health, cardiovascular risk, and cellular aging between patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and a reproductive age normative cohort.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Subjects: Community-based patients with PCOS and a normative ovarian aging cohort as controls, aged ≤45 years at the time of evaluation.

Evaluating the ingress of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) specifically naphthalene through firefighter hoods and base layers.

Structural firefighters are exposed to an array of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a result of incomplete combustion of both synthetic and natural materials. PAHs are found in both the particulate and vapor phases in the firefighting environment and are significantly associated with acute and chronic diseases, including cancer. Using a fireground exposure simulator (FES) and standing mannequins dressed in four different firefighter personal protective equipment (PPE) conditions, each with varying levels of protective hood interface and particulate-blocking features, the efficacy of the hoods was assessed against the ingress of PAHs (specifically, naphthalene).

Fire Resistant Adhesive from Chitosan.

Chitosan is one of the most abundant biopolymers on earth. It is used as a nontoxic alternative in a wide range of medicines, packaging, adhesives, and flame retardants. Chitosan is poorly soluble in neutral or alkaline solutions, but it dissolves in solutions of weak acids, such as acetic acid or citric acid, both of which occur naturally.

A 3-Month Dual-Task Exercise Randomized Pilot Trial Improves Dynamic Stability and Coordination in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Introduction: Dual-task (DT) exercises combine both physical and cognitive activities and have the potential to efficiently enhance both physical and cognitive function.

Background/objectives: This study aimed to determine if, compared with exercise-only (EO) and control (C) groups, adults in a DT training program improved measures of cognitive and/or physical functioning.

Methods: Thirty-five participants (Mage = 65.

Biopsychosocial correlates of body satisfaction in 7- to 8-year old children: a cross-sectional and prospective investigation.

Background: Biopsychosocial factors have been associated with body satisfaction/dissatisfaction and related body image concerns in adolescence; however, few studies have investigated these relationships in middle childhood, an important developmental phase for body satisfaction. This study investigated relationships between a range of biological (body mass index), psychological (child anxiety/depression, self-esteem, and self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism) and sociocultural (mother's body dissatisfaction and comments about child's appearance, father's body dissatisfaction and comments about child's appearance, peer teasing and child's media exposure) factors and body satisfaction cross-sectionally and longitudinally in a sample of 7- and 8-year-old children.

Methods: In this study, participants from the longitudinal Children's Body Image Development Study (in which children had been followed-up annually from 3 years old) were assessed by interview at 7 years old (Time 1; n = 293: girls = 167, boys = 126) and 8 years old (Time 2; n = 222; girls = 126, boys = 96) and their parents completed a questionnaire at each time point.

Development and Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for the Detection of Emergency Department Patients with Opioid Misuse from Clinical Notes.

Objectives: The accurate identification of Emergency Department (ED) encounters involving opioid misuse is critical for health services, research, and surveillance. We sought to develop natural language processing (NLP)-based models for the detection of ED encounters involving opioid misuse.

Methods: A sample of ED encounters enriched for opioid misuse was manually annotated and clinical notes extracted.

Implementation of a Dedicated Intake Team Reduces Time to Massed PTSD Treatment.

The Institute of Medicine (2001) describes quality health care as safe, effective, patient-centered, efficient, equitable, and timely. Although this definition highlights the necessity of continuous program evaluation to ensure that these goals are being addressed, there is a notable lack of industry-wide standards and benchmarks, and many clinical programs lack the ability to continually and rigorously evaluate their own performance with data. This might be particularly true in the case of ensuring service members and veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) obtain treatment, as several systemic barriers exist, such as long wait times and lack of equitable treatment for individuals with minoritized identities.

Investigating the Role of Soybean Genetic Resistance on the Production of Sclerotia.

Sclerotia serve as survival structures for many plant pathogens, including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which causes Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) in soybeans and leads to significant yield losses. While partially resistant soybean varieties are effective in reducing SSR incidence, the relationship between resistance and sclerotial production remains unclear. This study investigated the sclerotial production of two soybean recombinant inbred lines (RILs) with differential levels of SSR resistance under both greenhouse and field conditions.

The effects of target distance on kinematic sequence of the short game in male collegiate golfers.

Golf is an international sport that has become increasingly more popular in recent times. Previous literature has shown that golf approach shots are crucial to the success of elite golfers. However, there is no known publication investigating distances less than 100 yards, known as the short game.

The challenge of improving long-lasting insecticidal nets coverage on Bioko Island: using data to adapt distribution strategies.

Background: Since 2015, malaria vector control on Bioko Island has relied heavily upon long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) to complement other interventions. Despite significant resources utilised, however, achieving and maintaining high coverage has been elusive. Here, core LLIN indicators were used to assess and redefine distribution strategies.

Musculoskeletal, Pulmonary, and Cardiovascular COVID-19 Sequelae in the Context of Firefighter Occupational Health: A Narrative Review.

For most individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2, the acute illness resolves completely. However, for millions of people, symptoms or sequelae from COVID-19 recur or persist for months to years after infection. Post-COVID-19 sequelae are wide-ranging, often affecting the musculoskeletal, pulmonary, and cardiovascular systems.

Profiling the Enterobacterales Community Isolated from Retail Foods in England.

Enterobacterales include foodborne pathogens of importance to public health and are often targeted in food surveillance programs as both safety and hygiene indicators. Furthermore, Enterobacterales are important in the context of antimicrobial resistance dissemination, also impacting infection treatment efficacy. In this study, the prevalence and characteristics of Enterobacterales in UK retail foods were examined.

Impact of six-month COVID-19 travel moratorium on Plasmodium falciparum prevalence on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.

Importation of malaria infections is a suspected driver of sustained malaria prevalence on areas of Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Quantifying the impact of imported infections is difficult because of the dynamic nature of the disease and complexity of designing a randomized trial. We leverage a six-month travel moratorium in and out of Bioko Island during the initial COVID-19 pandemic response to evaluate the contribution of imported infections to malaria prevalence on Bioko Island.

Pan-tumor validation of a NGS fraction-based MSI analysis as a predictor of response to Pembrolizumab.

Microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) and mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) tumor status have been demonstrated to predict patient response to immunotherapies. We developed and validated a next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based companion diagnostic (CDx) to detect MSI-H solid tumors via a comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) assay, FoundationOne®CDx (F1CDx). To determine MSI status, F1CDx calculates the fraction of unstable microsatellite loci across >2000 loci using a fraction-based (FB) analysis.