Tracing the transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales at the patient: ward environmental nexus.

Introduction: Colonisation and infection with Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in healthcare settings poses significant risks, especially for vulnerable patients. Genomic analysis can be used to trace transmission routes, supporting antimicrobial stewardship and informing infection control strategies. Here we used genomic analysis to track the movement and transmission of CREs within clinical and environmental samples.

ICU Cockpit: a platform for collecting multimodal waveform data, AI-based computational disease modeling and real-time decision support in the intensive care unit.

ICU Cockpit: a secure, fast, and scalable platform for collecting multimodal waveform data, online and historical data visualization, and online validation of algorithms in the intensive care unit. We present a network of software services that continuously stream waveforms from ICU beds to databases and a web-based user interface. Machine learning algorithms process the data streams and send outputs to the user interface.

Probing the Deuteron at Very Large Internal Momenta.

We measure ^{2}H(e,e^{'}p)n cross sections at 4-momentum transfers of Q^{2}=4.5±0.5  (GeV/c)^{2} over a range of neutron recoil momenta p_{r}, reaching up to ∼1.

The effect of age and gender on anti-saccade performance: Results from a large cohort of healthy aging individuals.

By 2050, the global population of people aged 65 years or older will triple. While this is accompanied with an increasing burden of age-associated diseases, it also emphasizes the need to understand the effects of healthy aging on cognitive processes. One such effect is a general slowing of processing speed, which is well documented in many domains.

Unique Access to u-Channel Physics: Exclusive Backward-Angle Omega Meson Electroproduction.

Backward-angle meson electroproduction above the resonance region, which was previously ignored, is anticipated to offer unique access to the three quark plus sea component of the nucleon wave function. In this Letter, we present the first complete separation of the four electromagnetic structure functions above the resonance region in exclusive ω electroproduction off the proton, ep→e^{'}pω, at central Q^{2} values of 1.60, 2.

Automated False Alarm Reduction in a Real-Life Intensive Care Setting Using Motion Detection.

Background: Contemporary monitoring systems are sensitive to motion artifacts and cause an excess of false alarms. This results in alarm fatigue and hazardous alarm desensitization. To reduce the number of false alarms, we developed and validated a novel algorithm to classify alarms, based on automatic motion detection in videos.

Model-Based Separation, Detection, and Classification of Eye Movements.

Objective: We present a physiologically motivated eye movement analysis framework for model-based separation, detection, and classification (MBSDC) of eye movements. By estimating kinematic and neural controller signals for saccades, smooth pursuit, and fixational eye movements in a mechanistic model of the oculomotor system we are able to separate and analyze these eye movements independently.

Methods: We extended an established oculomotor model for horizontal eye movements by neural controller signals and by a blink artifact model.

Cross-sectional study of the prevalence, causes and management of hospital-onset diarrhoea.

Background: The National Health Service in England advises hospitals collect data on hospital-onset diarrhoea (HOD). Contemporaneous data on HOD are lacking.

Aim: To investigate prevalence, aetiology and management of HOD on medical, surgical and elderly-care wards.

Oral versus Intravenous Antibiotics for Bone and Joint Infection.

Background: The management of complex orthopedic infections usually includes a prolonged course of intravenous antibiotic agents. We investigated whether oral antibiotic therapy is noninferior to intravenous antibiotic therapy for this indication.

Methods: We enrolled adults who were being treated for bone or joint infection at 26 U.

Estimation of Neural Inputs and Detection of Saccades and Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements by Sparse Bayesian Learning.

Eye movements reveal a great wealth of information about the visual system and the brain. Therefore, eye movements can serve as diagnostic markers for various neurological disorders. For an objective analysis, it is crucial to have an automatic and robust procedure to extract relevant eye movement parameters.

A case of NDM-carbapenemase-producing hypervirulent sequence type 23 from the UK.

Introduction: Hypervirulent capsular type K1 strains of clonal complex 23 (CC23) are associated with severe community-acquired pyogenic liver abscesses, often complicated by metastatic infections and significant mortality. The majority of hypervirulent strains reported are susceptible to most antibiotics except ampicillin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase ( )-producing hypervirulent from the UK.

Portable Infrared Pupillometer in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Prognostic Value and Circadian Rhythm of the Neurological Pupil Index (NPi).

Background: Portable automated infrared pupillometry is becoming increasingly popular. To generate an objective reference base, the Neurological Pupil index (NPi) which combines different values of the pupillary light reflex is being introduced into clinical practice. In this explorative study, we examined different aspects of the NPi in relation to clinical severity and outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Delays in the diagnosis and treatment of bone and joint tuberculosis in the United Kingdom.

Aims: Tuberculosis (TB) infection of bones and joints accounts for 6.7% of TB cases in England, and is associated with significant morbidity and disability. Public Health England reports that patients with TB experience delays in diagnosis and treatment.

The effect of sampling rate and lowpass filters on saccades - A modeling approach.

The study of eye movements has become popular in many fields of science. However, using the preprocessed output of an eye tracker without scrutiny can lead to low-quality or even erroneous data. For example, the sampling rate of the eye tracker influences saccadic peak velocity, while inadequate filters fail to suppress noise or introduce artifacts.

Video game players show higher performance but no difference in speed of attention shifts.

Video games have become both a widespread leisure activity and a substantial field of research. In a variety of tasks, video game players (VGPs) perform better than non-video game players (NVGPs). This difference is most likely explained by an alteration of the basic mechanisms underlying visuospatial attention.

Association between vestibulo-ocular reflex suppression, balance, gait, and fall risk in ageing and neurodegenerative disease: protocol of a one-year prospective follow-up study.

Background: Falls frequency increases with age and particularly in neurogeriatric cohorts. The interplay between eye movements and locomotion may contribute substantially to the occurrence of falls, but is hardly investigated. This paper provides an overview of current approaches to simultaneously measure eye and body movements, particularly for analyzing the association of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) suppression, postural deficits and falls in neurogeriatric risk cohorts.

The effects of video game play on the characteristics of saccadic eye movements.

Video game play has become a common leisure activity all around the world. To reveal possible effects of playing video games, we measured saccades elicited by video game players (VGPs) and non-players (NVGPs) in two oculomotor tasks. First, our subjects performed a double-step task.

Separated response function ratios in exclusive, forward π(±) electroproduction.

The study of exclusive π(±) electroproduction on the nucleon, including separation of the various structure functions, is of interest for a number of reasons. The ratio RL=σL(π-)/σL(π+) is sensitive to isoscalar contamination to the dominant isovector pion exchange amplitude, which is the basis for the determination of the charged pion form factor from electroproduction data. A change in the value of RT=σT(π-)/σT(π+) from unity at small -t, to 1/4 at large -t, would suggest a transition from coupling to a (virtual) pion to coupling to individual quarks.

Total synthesis of the Isodon diterpene sculponeatin N.

The total synthesis of sculponeatin N, a bioactive polycyclic diterpene isolated from Isodon sculponeatus, is reported. Key features of the synthesis include diastereoselective Nazarov and ring-closing metathesis reactions, and a highly efficient formation of the bicyclo[3.2.

Mechanism and the origins of stereospecificity in copper-catalyzed ring expansion of vinyl oxiranes: a traceless dual transition-metal-mediated process.

Density functional theory computations of the Cu-catalyzed ring expansion of vinyloxiranes is mediated by a traceless dual Cu(I)-catalyst mechanism. Overall, the reaction involves a monomeric Cu(I)-catalyst, but a single key step, the Cu migration, requires two Cu(I)-catalysts for the transformation. This dual-Cu step is found to be a true double Cu(I) transition state rather than a single Cu(I) transition state in the presence of an adventitious, spectator Cu(I).

Distinct biological effects of golgicide a derivatives on larval and adult mosquitoes.

A collection of Golgicide A (GCA) analogs has been synthesized and evaluated in larval and adult mosquito assays. Commercially available GCA is a mixture of four compounds. One enantiomer (GCA-2) of the major diastereomer in this mixture was shown to be responsible for the unique activity of GCA.

Synthesis of allylic and homoallylic alcohols from unsaturated cyclic ethers using a mild and selective C-O reduction approach.

Unsaturated cyclic ethers can be mildly and selectively reduced with catalytic amounts of B(C(6)F(5))(3) in the presence of an alkylsilane. The allylic position is preferentially reduced with minimal or no scrambling of olefin geometry. For electronically equivalent substrates, steric factors guide the reducing agent to the least substituted site.

Intermolecular oxonium ylide mediated synthesis of medium-sized oxacycles.

Detailed in this account are our efforts toward efficient oxacycle syntheses. Two complementary approaches are discussed, with both employing chemoselective allyl ether activation and rearrangement as the key step. Vinyl substituted oxiranes and oxetanes provide a single step access to dihydropyrans and tetrahydrooxepines.

Longitudinal-transverse separations of deep-inelastic structure functions at low Q2 for hydrogen and deuterium.

We report on a study of the longitudinal to transverse cross section ratio, R=sigmaL/sigmaT, at low values of x and Q2, as determined from inclusive inelastic electron-hydrogen and electron-deuterium scattering data from Jefferson Laboratory Hall C spanning the four-momentum transfer range 0.06 View Article and Find Full Text PDF