Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch
January 2025
Purpose: For speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working in schools, outcome measurement is an important element of practice, enabling us to evaluate the efficacy of our service provision and guiding future decision making, funding, and resource allocation. When selecting outcomes to measure, it is helpful to consider both the level at which change may be occurring and the extent or impact of that change. The primary aim of this review was to identify the outcomes measured in intervention studies for school-aged children with speech, language, and communication difficulties (SLCD) using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to classify the outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere are well-documented inequities in the quality of care and health outcomes of minoritized youth. Patient safety and quality improvement (QI) work with an equity focus has been identified as an important strategy to remedy these existing inequities. In this article, we will present evidence of inequities in pediatric hospital-based care, describe root causes with a focus on structural racism, highlight existing frameworks for applying equity principles to patient safety and QI, and provide best practices and recommendations on evaluating patient safety and QI data towards advancing equity in pediatric hospital-based care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Children with sensory processing challenges often need supports to access, participate in, and achieve at school. However, research on best practice is varied, presenting difficulty for practitioners to assess the appropriateness of each support.
Objective: To provide evidence-informed recommendations regarding best practices in school-based supports for students with sensory processing challenges via a Rapid Evidence Assessment of current literature.
Introduction: Research has shown the importance of diversity in improving patient care. Medical students from backgrounds underrepresented in medicine (UIM) face unique challenges, including minority tax, stereotype threat, and expectations to be the sole representative of their identity group. Mentors must be aware of these challenges and develop skills to address them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing cyclic voltammetry under illumination, we recently demonstrated that CdS quantum dots (QDs) form charge donor states that live for at least several minutes after illumination ends, ∼12 orders of magnitude longer than expected for free carriers. This time scale suggests that the conventionally accepted mechanism of charge transfer, wherein charges directly transfer to an acceptor following exciton dissociation, cannot be complete. Because of these long time scales, this unconventional pathway is not readily observed using time-resolved spectroscopy to probe charge transfer dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol
August 2024
Introduction: Ibrexafungerp is a new triterpenoid antifungal agent with activity against a variety of fungal species, including spp. and echinocandin-resistant spp.
Areas Covered: This evaluation will summarize currently available clinical evidence on the use of ibrexafungerp in the treatment/prevention of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and detail the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters, and ongoing/latest research involving ibrexafungerp.
Tau aggregation is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. There are disease-causing variants of the tau-encoding gene, , and the presence of tau aggregates is highly correlated with disease progression. However, the molecular mechanisms linking pathological tau to neuronal dysfunction are not well understood due to our incomplete understanding of the normal functions of tau in development and aging and how these processes change in the context of causal disease variants of tau.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulmonary Fibrosis (PF) describes a group of lung diseases characterised by progressive scarring (fibrosis). Symptoms worsen over time and include breathlessness, tiredness, and cough, giving rise to psychological distress. Significant morbidity accompanies PF, so ensuring patients' care needs are well defined and provided for, represents an important treatment strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreasing ocean temperatures are causing dysbiosis between coral hosts and their symbionts. Previous work suggests that coral host gene expression responds more strongly to environmental stress compared to their intracellular symbionts; however, the causes and consequences of this phenomenon remain untested. We hypothesized that symbionts are less responsive because hosts modulate symbiont environments to buffer stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of conditions characterised by non-infective inflammation and scarring of the lung parenchyma. They are not infrequently encountered by the general radiologist in both acute and outpatient reporting settings who may even be the first to make the diagnosis. In the acute setting, patients with ILD can present with respiratory deterioration due to a number of causes and in addition to the common causes of dyspnoea, an acute exacerbation of ILD needs to be considered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Health care disparities are pervasive, but little is known about disparities in pediatric safety. We analyzed a national sample of hospitalizations to identify disparities in safety events.
Methods: In this population-based, retrospective cohort study of the 2019 Kids' Inpatient Database, independent variables were race, ethnicity, and payer.
For sessile organisms at high risk from climate change, phenotypic plasticity can be critical to rapid acclimation. Epigenetic markers like DNA methylation are hypothesized as mediators of plasticity; methylation is associated with the regulation of gene expression, can change in response to ecological cues, and is a proposed basis for the inheritance of acquired traits. Within reef-building corals, gene-body methylation (gbM) can change in response to ecological stressors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Nintedanib slows progression of lung function decline in patients with progressive fibrosing (PF) interstitial lung disease (ILD) and was recommended for this indication within the United Kingdom (UK) National Health Service in Scotland in June 2021 and in England, Wales and Northern Ireland in November 2021. To date, there has been no national evaluation of the use of nintedanib for PF-ILD in a real-world setting.
Methods: 26 UK centres were invited to take part in a national service evaluation between 17 November 2021 and 30 September 2022.
The internal (i.e., interoceptive) sensations that characterise hunger vary between people, and this may also be the case for thirst, although it has not been so well explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Vaccin Immunother
December 2023
Increasing vaccination acceptance has been essential during the COVID-19 pandemic and in preparation for future public health emergencies. This study aimed to identify messaging strategies to encourage vaccine uptake by measuring the drivers of COVID-19 vaccination among the general public. A survey to assess COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and hesitancy was advertised on Facebook in February-April 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an essential stable food crop in Sub-Saharan Africa commonly consumed amongst the low-income communities in Africa. Though cassava roots and leaf have vast economic and commercial benefits, it produces cyanogenic glycosides, which are toxic and most often responsible for the bitter taste of some cassava cultivars. The study evaluates the cassava roots and leaves' cyanogenic potential and dry matter content of the Genetic Gain Assessment trial grown in a different environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant risk for immunosuppressed groups such as transplant patients. The purpose of this study was to improve our understanding of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on kidney transplant recipients, including their views on COVID-19 vaccination. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from December 2021 to August 2022 with 38 kidney transplant recipients who had an appointment with their transplant care team within the previous 6 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiological data suggest that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection rate is higher in women than in men, but the death rate is lower, while women (>50 years) on menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) have a higher survival rate than those not on MHT. Classical oral estrogen enhances the synthesis of coagulation markers and may increase the risk of thromboembolic events that are common in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The favorable hemostatic profile of estetrol (E4) might be suitable for use in women who are receiving estrogen treatment and contract COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent studies suggest a large percentage of post-surgical opioid prescriptions are not utilized. This surplus of opioids provides supply for diversion or entry into the waste cycle. Recommendations are available for general surgery procedures which may optimize prescribed quantity while maintaining patient satisfaction which this work was initiated to investigate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSolution-processed semiconductors are in demand for present and next-generation optoelectronic technologies ranging from displays to quantum light sources because of their scalability and ease of integration into devices with diverse form factors. One of the central requirements for semiconductors used in these applications is a narrow photoluminescence (PL) line width. Narrow emission line widths are needed to ensure both color and single-photon purity, raising the question of what design rules are needed to obtain narrow emission from semiconductors made in solution.
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