Review of Emotion Regulation in Late Life Mood Disorders.

Emotion regulation (ER), or the ability to modulate the experience and expression of emotion, is critical to adaptive functioning and is a key feature of mood disorders. At the same time, normal aging is associated with changes in ER, though the interaction of aging with the presence of a mood disorder are unclear. Here, we review what is known about ER and its underlying neural mechanisms in late life mood disorders, specifically late life depression and bipolar disorder.

Matrix stiffness drives drop like nuclear deformation and lamin A/C tension-dependent YAP nuclear localization.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness influences cancer cell fate by altering gene expression. Previous studies suggest that stiffness-induced nuclear deformation may regulate gene expression through YAP nuclear localization. We investigated the role of the nuclear lamina in this process.

Evaluation and Comparison of Tolerance of Ambiguity in Veterinary Pathology Professionals and Trainees.

Ambiguity is ubiquitous in veterinary medicine, including in clinical and anatomic pathology. Tolerance of ambiguity (TOA) relates to how individuals navigate uncertainty. It is associated with psychological well-being in health professionals yet has been little investigated in veterinarians or veterinary pathologists.

Xenon and Argon as Neuroprotective Treatments for Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: A Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Xenon and argon are currently being evaluated as potential neuroprotective treatments for acquired brain injuries. Xenon has been evaluated clinically as a treatment for brain ischemia with equivocal results in small trials, but argon has not yet undergone clinical evaluation. Several preclinical studies have investigated xenon or argon as treatments in animal models of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Adverse mental health inpatient experiences: Qualitative systematic review of international literature.

Background: Trauma has a well-established link with poor health outcomes. Adverse experiences in mental health inpatient settings contribute to such outcomes and should impact service design and delivery. However, there is often a failure to fully address these experiences.

Differential roles for the oxygen sensing enzymes PHD1 and PHD3 in the regulation of neutrophil metabolism and function.

Background: Neutrophils are essential in the early innate immune response to pathogens. Harnessing their antimicrobial powers, without driving excessive and damaging inflammatory responses, represents an attractive therapeutic possibility. The neutrophil population is increasingly recognised to be more diverse and malleable than was previously appreciated.

Flanker task parameters are related to the strength of association between the ERN and anxiety: a meta-analysis.

The error-related negativity (ERN)-an index of error monitoring-is associated with anxiety symptomatology. Although recent work suggests associations between the ERN and anxiety are relatively modest, little attention has been paid to how variation in task parameters may influence the strength of ERN-anxiety associations. To close this gap, the current meta-analysis assesses the possible influence of task parameter variation in the Flanker task-the most commonly used task to elicit the ERN-on observed ERN-anxiety associations.

Rethinking nuclear shaping: insights from the nuclear drop model.

Changes in the nuclear shape caused by cellular shape changes are generally assumed to reflect an elastic deformation from a spherical nuclear shape. Recent evidence, however, suggests that the nuclear lamina, which forms the outer nuclear surface together with the nuclear envelope, possesses more area than that of a sphere of the same volume. This excess area manifests as folds/wrinkles in the nuclear surface in rounded cells and allows facile nuclear flattening during cell spreading without any changes in nuclear volume or surface area.

A community health worker led approach to cardiovascular disease prevention in the UK-SPICES-Sussex (scaling-up packages of interventions for cardiovascular disease prevention in selected sites in Europe and Sub-saharan Africa): an implementation research project.

Background: This paper describes a UK-based study, SPICES-Sussex, which aimed to co-produce and implement a community-based cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment and reduction intervention to support under-served populations at moderate risk of CVD. The objectives were to enhance stakeholder engagement; to implement the intervention in four research sites and to evaluate the use of Voluntary and Community and Social Enterprises (VCSE) and Community Health Worker (CHW) partnerships in health interventions.

Methods: A type three hybrid implementation study design was used with mixed methods data.

The application of antimicrobial stewardship knowledge to nursing practice: A national survey of United Kingdom pre-registration nursing students.

Aim: To assess student nurses understanding and skills in the application of antimicrobial stewardship knowledge to practice.

Design: Quantitative.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey.

Treatment resistant late-life depression: A narrative review of psychosocial risk factors, non-pharmacological interventions, and the role of clinical phenotyping.

Background: Treatment resistant depression (TRD) is a subset of major depressive disorder (MDD) in which symptoms do not respond to front line therapies. In older adults, the assessment and treatment of TRD is complicated by psychosocial risk factors unique to this population, as well as a relative paucity of research.

Methods: Narrative review aimed at (1) defining TRLLD for clinical practice and research; (2) describing psychosocial risk factors; (3) reviewing psychological and non-pharmacological treatments; (4) discussing the role of clinical phenotyping for personalized treatment; and (5) outlining research priorities.

A new function for nuclear lamins: providing surface tension to the nuclear drop.

The nuclear lamina, a conserved structure in metazoans, provides mechanical rigidity to the nuclear envelope. A decrease in lamin levels and/or lamin mutations are associated with a host of human diseases. Despite being only about 15 nm thick, perturbation of components of the nuclear lamina dramatically impacts the deformation response of the entire nucleus through mechanisms that are not well understood.

The CombE-IDMS Alternate Potency Method for H5N1 and H5N8 Cell-Based Vaccines.

Assaying the potency of inactivated viral influenza vaccines is performed using single radial immunodiffusion, which is the globally accepted release method for potency. Under conditions of a rapidly emerging pandemic, such as the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, a recognized obstacle in the delivery of vaccines to the public is the time needed for the distribution of calibrated SRID reagents (antisera and antigen standards) to vaccine manufacturers. Previously, we first described a novel streamlined MS-based assay, CombE-IDMS, which does not rely on antisera/antibodies or reference antigens, as a potential rapidly deployable alternate potency method through a comparison with SRID on adjuvanted seasonal quadrivalent vaccine cell-based (aQIVc) materials.

A scoping review of psychological interventions and outcomes for avoidant and restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID).

Objective: This scoping review identifies and describes psychological interventions for avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) and summarizes how outcomes are measured across such interventions.

Method: Five databases (Cochrane, Embase, Medline, PsycInfo, Web of Science) were searched up to December 22, 2022. Studies were included if they reported on psychological interventions for ARFID.

Repetitive, but Not Single, Mild Blast TBI Causes Persistent Neurological Impairments and Selective Cortical Neuronal Loss in Rats.

Exposure to repeated mild blast traumatic brain injury (mbTBI) is common in combat soldiers and the training of Special Forces. Evidence suggests that repeated exposure to a mild or subthreshold blast can cause serious and long-lasting impairments, but the mechanisms causing these symptoms are unclear. In this study, we characterise the effects of single and tightly coupled repeated mbTBI in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to shockwaves generated using a shock tube.

Digital Collateral Information Through Electronic and Social Media in Psychotherapy: Comparing Clinician-reported Trends Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Patient clinical collateral information is critical for providing psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care. With the shift to primarily virtual care triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, psychotherapists may have received less clinical information than they did when they were providing in-person care. This study assesses whether the shift to virtual care had an impact on therapists' use of patients' electronic and social media to augment clinical information that may inform psychotherapy.

An Ultrasound Array of Emitter-Receiver Stacks for Microbubble-Based Therapy.

Most therapeutic ultrasound devices place emitters and receivers in separate locations, so that the long therapeutic pulses (>1 ms) can be emitted while receivers monitor the procedure. However, with such placement, emitters and receivers are competing for the same space, producing a trade-off between emission efficiency and reception sensitivity. Taking advantage of recent studies demonstrating that short-pulse ultrasound can be used therapeutically, we aimed to develop a device that overcomes such trade-offs.

Image-Based Dosimetry in Dogs and Cross-Reactivity with Human Tissues of IGF2R-Targeting Human Antibody.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) represents the most common primary bone tumor in humans and in companion dogs, being practically phenotypically identical. There is a need for effective treatments to extend the survival of patients with OS. Here, we examine the dosimetry in beagle dogs and cross-reactivity with human tissues of a novel human antibody, IF3, that targets the insulin growth factor receptor type 2 (IGF2R), which is overexpressed on OS cells, making it a candidate for radioimmunotherapy of OS.

Single high-dose radiation therapy and liquid fiducial markers can be used in dogs with incompletely resected soft tissue sarcomas.

Objective: To evaluate the outcome and effects of single high-dose radiation therapy with the aid of liquid fiducial markers in dogs following resection of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs).

Animals: 36 client-owned dogs.

Methods: Dogs with a histologic diagnosis of a grade II or III STS that underwent liquid fiducial guided single fraction, 20-Gy stereotactic radiation therapy following surgical excision of an STS between May 2017 and March 2019 were prospectively enrolled in this study.

Nuclear shapes are geometrically determined by the excess surface area of the nuclear lamina.

Nuclei have characteristic shapes dependent on cell type, which are critical for proper cell function, and nuclei lose their distinct shapes in multiple diseases including cancer, laminopathies, and progeria. Nuclear shapes result from deformations of the sub-nuclear components-nuclear lamina and chromatin. How these structures respond to cytoskeletal forces to form the nuclear shape remains unresolved.

Nonoperative Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears.

Rotator cuff tears are common with prevalence increasing with age. Diagnosis by physical examination may require a cluster of tests. Although radiographs can be helpful, MRI, MRI arthrography, and ultrasound represent the most used imaging technique to identify rotator cuff tears.

Characterization of IGF2R Molecular Expression in Canine Osteosarcoma as Part of a Novel Comparative Oncology Approach.

Progress in prognostic factors, treatments, and outcome for both canine and human osteosarcoma (OS) has been minimal over the last three decades. Surface overexpression of the cation independent mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor receptor type 2 (IGF2R) has been proven to occur in human OS cells. Subsequently, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) targeting IGF2R has demonstrated promising preliminary results.

Rho activation drives luminal collapse and eversion in epithelial acini.

Epithelial cells lining a gland and cells grown in a soft extracellular matrix polarize with apical proteins exposed to the lumen and basal proteins in contact with the extracellular matrix. Alterations to polarity, including an apical-out polarity, occur in human cancers. Although some aberrant polarity states may result from altered protein trafficking, recent observations of an extraordinary tissue-level inside-out unfolding suggest an alternative pathway for altered polarity.