FLT3 is genetically essential for ITD-mutated leukemic stem cells but dispensable for human hematopoietic stem cells.

Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) fuel acute myeloid leukemia (AML) growth and relapse, but therapies tailored towards eradicating LSCs without harming normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are lacking. FLT3 is considered an important therapeutic target due to frequent mutation in AML and association with relapse. However, there has been limited clinical success with FLT3 drug targeting, suggesting either that FLT3 is not a vulnerability in LSC, or that more potent inhibition is required, a scenario where HSC toxicity could become limiting.

Non-native species have higher consumption rates than their native counterparts.

Non-native species can be major drivers of ecosystem alteration, especially through changes in trophic interactions. Successful non-native species have been predicted to have greater resource use efficiency relative to trophically analogous native species (the Resource Consumption Hypothesis), but rigorous evidence remains equivocal. Here, we tested this proposition quantitatively in a global meta-analysis of comparative functional response studies.

Witnessing a discrete microdroplet freezing event real-time electrochemical monitoring of solution temperature.

Temperature monitoring has immediate relevance to many areas of research, from atmospheric environmental studies to biological sample and food preservation to chemical reactions. Here, we use a triple-barrel electrode to provide temperature readouts in bulk solution and microdroplets, as well as electrochemically monitor freezing events in a microdroplet. Using this method, we are able to identify distinct characteristics of a freezing aqueous droplet (supercooling, ice formation beginning and end, temperature change, and thawing) with greater temporal resolution than a standard thermocouple and without the use of microscopy.

The gas|liquid interface eclipses the liquid|liquid interface for glucose oxidase rate acceleration in microdroplets.

The curious chemistry observed in microdroplets has captivated chemists in recent years and has led to an investigation into their ability to drive seemingly impossible chemistries. One particularly interesting capability of these microdroplets is their ability to accelerate reactions by several orders of magnitude. While there have been many investigations into which reactions can be accelerated by confinement within microdroplets, no study has directly compared reaction acceleration at the liquid|liquid and gas|liquid interfaces.

Dublin down on detection: Understanding Salmonella Dublin in British Columbia through bulk tank milk surveillance.

Increased cases of Salmonella Dublin, a bacterial pathogen that primarily affects dairy cattle, have been noted in British Columbia (BC), Canada since 2015. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to 1) understand the prevalence and distribution of S. Dublin in BC dairy farms based on bulk tank milk (BTM) serology, 2) to investigate the degree of variability within percent positivity (%PP) in negative and positive farms, and 3) investigate risk factors associated with positivity.

How the Kinetic Balance Between Charge-Transfer and Mass-Transfer Influences Zinc Anode Stability: An Ultramicroelectrode Study.

Aqueous zinc-metal batteries (AZMBs) represent a promising frontier in battery technology, offering sustainable and safe alternatives to traditional non-aqueous batteries. Despite their potential, understanding the kinetics of zinc electrodeposition-a critical factor in AZMB performance-remains underexplored. Utilizing voltammetry on ultramicroelectrodes, we investigate how scan rate influences key processes of nucleation and growth during Zn electrodeposition.

Adsorbed microdroplets are mobile at the nanoscale.

The extraordinary chemistry of microdroplets has reshaped how we as a community think about reactivity near multiphase boundaries. Even though interesting physico-chemical properties of microdroplets have been reported, "sessile" droplets' inherent mobility, which has been implicated as a driving force for curious chemistry, has not been well established. This paper seeks to answer the question: Can adsorbed microdroplets be mobile at the nanoscale? This is a tantalizing question, as almost no measurement technique has the spatiotemporal resolution to answer it.

Room Temperature Electrochemical-Shock Synthesis of Solid-Solution Medium-Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Evolution.

For millennia, humankind has discovered great benefits in alloying materials. Over the past 100 years, a renaissance in nanoscience has cemented the importance of nanoparticles in a variety of fields ranging from energy storage and conversion to cell biology. While many synthetic strategies exist for nanoparticle and alloy nanoparticle formation, new methods are necessary to create nanoparticles under unprecedented conditions.

Improvement in Atopic Dermatitis and Recurrent Infection With Dupilumab in Children With Distinct Genetic Types of Hyper-IgE Syndrome: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) is a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by severe atopic dermatitis and recurrent skin and pulmonary infections. The efficacy of dupilumab in pediatric patients with HIES-associated severe atopic dermatitis is relatively understudied. Here, we present a series of three children with HIES, two with AD-HIES caused by STAT3 mutations, and one with AR-HIES caused by biallelic mutations in ZNF341.

Frequency of chloroquine-resistant haplotype of Plasmodium falciparum (CVIET) in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria 17 years post-chloroquine withdrawal.

The replacement of chloroquine with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for over a decade has had varying impacts on the ability of the malaria parasite to sustain its chloroquine resistance prowess in different malaria-endemic regions. We evaluated the frequency of Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT) mutations in Ibadan, Nigeria 17 years after the replacement of chloroquine with ACTs for malaria treatment. Fragments of PfCRT gene from genomic DNA of microscopically confirmed P.

Single gold nanowires with ultrahigh (>10) aspect ratios by triphasic electrodeposition.

Due to their superior optical and electrical properties, gold nanowires are used ubiquitously across industries. Current techniques for fabricating such structures are often expensive, involving multiple steps, cleanroom operation, and limited ability for a user to controllably place a nanowire at a desired location. Here, we introduce the concept of triphasic electrodeposition, where metal salts act as antagonistic salts at the liquid|liquid interface, leading to their increased concentration at this phase boundary.

Rapid detection of microfibres in environmental samples using open-source visual recognition models.

Microplastics, particularly microfibres (< 5 mm), are a significant environmental pollutant. Detecting and quantifying them in complex matrices is challenging and time-consuming. This study presents two open-source visual recognition models, YOLOv7 and Mask R-CNN, trained on extensive datasets for efficient microfibre identification in environmental samples.

Human ACE2 Gene Replacement Mice Support SARS-CoV-2 Viral Replication and Nonlethal Disease Progression.

Many mouse models of SARS-CoV-2 infection involve expression of the human ACE2 protein, the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, in mouse tissues. However, most of these models suffer from nonphysiological regulation of ACE2 expression, which can lead to atypically severe infections and aberrant sites of viral replication. In this report, we developed and characterized an ACE2 gene replacement (ACE2-GR) mouse strain in which the mouse Ace2 genomic locus was replaced by the entire human ACE2 gene locus, and we investigated the ability of these animals to respond to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Electroprecipitating the Sulfate Radical Anion Amplifies Electrochemiluminescence in Space and Time.

We have discovered a strategy to synthesize reactive radical salts, effectively bottling up radicals in space and time for future use. We apply this new principle to electrochemiluminescence (ECL) through the simultaneous electro-reduction of peroxydisulfate, SO, and tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II), [Ru(bpy)] in a water/acetonitrile mixture. The electrode generates a concentration profile exceeding the solubility of the cation and anion pair, promoting precipitation.

Functional response metrics explain and predict high but differing ecological impacts of juvenile and adult lionfish.

Recent accumulation of evidence across taxa indicates that the ecological impacts of invasive alien species are predictable from their functional response (FR; e.g. the maximum feeding rate) and functional response ratio (FRR; the FR attack rate divided by handling time).

Planar Disk μ-Aptasensors by Monolayer Assembly in a Dissolving Microdroplet.

Electrochemical aptamer-based sensors provide a highly modular platform for real-time monitoring of small molecules. Their ability to selectively recognize target molecules in complex environments like biological fluids makes them an attractive technology for the analysis of micro- and nanoscale systems. The signal-to-noise of the measurement depends on the electroactive surface (i.

Single Entity Electrocatalysis.

Making a measurement over millions of nanoparticles or exposed crystal facets seldom reports on reactivity of a single nanoparticle or facet, which may depart drastically from ensemble measurements. Within the past 30 years, science has moved toward studying the reactivity of single atoms, molecules, and nanoparticles, one at a time. This shift has been fueled by the realization that everything changes at the nanoscale, especially important industrially relevant properties like those important to electrocatalysis.

Mortality in sea lions is associated with the introduction of the H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus in Brazil October 2023: whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

Clade 2.3.4.