Epilarynx: pharynx or larynx?

Background: As a general rule, epilarynx is studied as a part of supraglottis. On the contrary, in France, due to its particular natural history, it is often studied separately.

Methods: To assess the value of this French classification, we compared from an epidemiologic point of view, in one study, 86 cases of epilarynx squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with 431 oropharynx, 339 hypopharynx, and 89 vestibule SCC.

Cytarabine and cisplatin as salvage therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who failed 5-fluorouracil + folinic acid regimen. French Northern Oncology Group.

The combination of CDDP and ARA-C has shown some clinical efficiency as first-line therapy in advanced colorectal cancer. Our study was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic activity of this combination in advanced colorectal cancer who failed 5-fluorouracil (FU) and folinic acid (LV) regimen. Seventeen patients with measureable metastatic colorectal cancer who failed 5FU-LV therapy as first line (n = 14) or second line treatment (n = 3), entered the study.

Type I insulin-like growth factor receptors in human colorectal cancer.

Type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptors have been recently characterised in human colorectal cancers. The aim of this study was to determine whether type I IGF receptor concentration may be related to prognostic variables in colorectal cancers. Saturation experiments with [125I]IGF-I were performed on membrane preparations of 46 frozen specimens (20 tumours, 26 controls) and analysed according to the Scatchard method.

Vinorelbine (navelbine) as a salvage treatment for advanced breast cancer.

Background: Vinorelbine (Navelbine), a new vinca alkaloid, is an effective drug in breast cancer. Our study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and tolerance of Navelbine in refractory advanced and/or metastatic breast cancer (AMBC).

Patients And Methods: One hundred heavily pretreated patients with AMBC entered the study and were scheduled to receive 30 mg/m2 of Navelbine weekly by a 20 min i.

[Lymphocyte hybridization and cancerology: diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Example of tumor markers].

First described in 1975 by Köhler and Milstein, monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) result from the fusion of a B lymphocyte and a myeloma cell. Among the many uses of Mabs, oncology constitute a privileged, but difficult, field of investigation: the antigen heterogeneity and difficulty of access to tumors are major obstacles. In diagnosis, the Mabs allow the identification and the quantification of tumor specific or tumor-associated antigens: the assay of circulating tumor markers is one of the largest applications.

[A prospective study of alveolar bone resorption after radiotherapy and chemotherapy].

A prospective comparative study of the alveolar bone resorption after teeth extraction was achieved in a series of 79 patients in order to analyze macroscopically the possible consequences of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on the toothless edges. After quarterly coronal and sagittal X-rays for two years, this study enhances quite a similar vertical resorption for the radiation and chemotherapy-treated patients as well as for the witness patients. The alveolar bone resorption progression also appears unaltered by anti cancerous treatments.

Expression of ps2 and cathepsin-d in breast-cancer.

Cytosolic levels of pS2 and Cathepsin D (Cath D) were compared in 145 primary breast cancer patients using the immunoradiometric (IRMA) assays ELSA-pS2-degrees and ELSA-Cath. D-degrees of Cis biointernational. The mean values were 20.

Plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations in human breast cancer.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is capable of stimulating breast cancer cell growth in vitro and the presence of IGF-1 receptors has been demonstrated in primary breast cancers. We determined plasma IGF-1 in a primary breast cancer population and in a control population. Radioimmunoassays were performed either directly on plasma, IGF-1 (NE), or after an acid-ethanol extraction of the plasma, IGF-1 (E).

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF): mitogenic activity and binding sites in human breast cancer.

We investigated binding characteristics of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on membranes prepared from 4 human breast cancer cell lines and 38 primary BC biopsies. Competitive binding experiments were performed and analyzed using the "Ligand" program. Furthermore bFGF mitogenic activity was measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA from breast cancer cell lines.

Aminoglutethimide in malignant melanoma. A phase II study.

The role of steroid hormones has been suggested in the growth of malignant melanoma, and since aromatase activity has been found in melanoma tissue, we carried out a phase II study of aminoglutethimide, an aromatase inhibitor in malignant melanoma patients. Fifteen heavily pretreated patients entered the study. No response was observed--the treatment was well tolerated.

An evaluation of CA 549, a circulating marker of breast cancer using a procedure for comparison with CA 15.3.

A serum assay of CA 549 (Hybri-BREScan CA 549 degrees, Hybritech), a new tumor marker, was performed in 129 patients with breast cancer and 35 healthy women, in parallel with CA 15.3 (ELSA-CA 15.3 degrees, CIS Biointernational).

Drug resistance in oncology: from concepts to applications.

The complex problem of drug resistance is discussed with respect to host toxicity, to tumor characteristics (kinetic resistance, heterogeneity of cell subpopulations, hypoxia, mutation and gene amplification), and to the medication itself (pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic resistance: cell membrane, intracellular metabolism, intracellular target). After detailing each type of resistance, the possibilities of fighting against drug resistance are explored (dealing with host toxicity, tumor characteristics and drugs--intensifying therapy, multiple drug therapy, biochemical modulation, particular modalities of drug administration). Finally, perspectives of research and development of new drugs are summarized.

[A study of VMMC protocol (vindesine, mitoxantrone, mitomycin C) as a salvage chemotherapy in advanced breast cancers].

One hundred and three patients previously treated with chemotherapy including an anthracycline were entered in a VMMC protocol study: vindesine (Eldisine), mitoxantrone (Novantrone) and mitomycin C (Ametycine). Group A consisted of 41 women who received the protocol published by Belpomme: vindesine (2.5 mg/m2 day 1 and 8) and mitoxantrone (12 mg/m2/day) every 4 weeks, and mitomycin C (8 mg/m2) every 8 weeks.

Plasma acid and alkaline phosphatase in patients with breast cancer.

Acid and alkaline phosphatase were determined in 107 breast cancer patients to study their potential value in case of bone metastases. The patients were divided into 4 groups: A, patients without metastases (n = 34); B, metastatic patients without bone lesions (n = 37); C, patients with metastases in and outside of bones (n = 24), D, patients with bone-only metastases (n = 12). Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TR-ACP), and bone alkaline phosphatase (bone-ALP) were significantly higher in patients with metastases than in patients without.

[Breast cancer: can axillary dissection be restricted to Berg stages 1 and 2? Study of 895 cases].

895 axillary clearances were carried out in 3 years between 1986 and 1988 on 878 patients with primary breast cancer. Two procedures were used: either direct total axillary clearance (in stages 1, 2 and 3 of Berg) or inferior axillary clearance (stages 1 and 2 of Berg). This was carried out in association with frozen section diagnosis of the lymph node followed by clearance in Berg stage 3 if the diagnosis on frozen section was positive.

[Primary lymphomas of the breast. 9 case reports].

Between the 1st of January 1974 and the 30th of June 1989, we saw 9 cases of primary lymphoma of the breast at the Oscar Lambret Centre, all occurring in women. This comprised 0.27% of the malignant tumours of the breast and 3.

Biological and clinical aspects of prolactin receptors (PRL-R) in human breast cancer.

PRL has a definite activity in the induction and promotion of mouse and in the growth of rat mammary tumors. We and others have found that human PRL or growth hormone (GH) had a growth promoting effect on human mammary cancer cells. It has been shown that prolactin receptors (PRL-R) which are specific for all lactogenic hormones (hPRL, hGH, hPL) are present on mammary cancer cells in long-term tissue culture and also in tumor biopsies.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF1-R) and IGF1 in human breast tumors.

To appreciate the IGF1 sensitivity of breast tumors we detected IGF1-R with a biochemical assay (RRA). We then localized and quantified IGF1-R on frozen tissue sections by histo-autoradiographic analysis (HAA). In some cases, the IGF1 and IGF1-R mRNA expression were studied by Northern blot analysis.

Prognostic significance of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors in human breast cancer.

Overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) were studied in 297 patients according to the presence of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF1-R). All the patients were surgically treated for locoregional disease in the same institution from January 1986. The median duration of follow-up was 40 months.

[Stereotaxic radiosurgery:methods and indications in the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations].

After Leksell and Steiner's pioneering experience with the use of the gamma units, another technically different system has been developed, using a linear accelerator. It's a very precise stereotactic radiosurgical approach which allows to deliver the necessary dose of radiation to the target volume while sparing the surrounding structures from potentially dangerous levels of radiation. This hyperselective irradiation is a new and complementary method of treatment of arteriovenous malformations located in central or functionally critical areas of the brain.

Growth factors and oncogenes in human solid tumors: clinical aspects.

Growth factors, growth factor receptors and oncogenes have been extensively studied in human tumors for some years. The purpose of this paper is to review the clinical results obtained in human cancers and their predisposing conditions or high risk groups as well as their relation with clinical, pathological characteristics and their prognosis.

[Clinically localized cancers of the breast. Therapeutic consequences of the evaluation of extension].

The therapeutic modifications induced by pretreatment evaluation were studied in a consecutive series of 852 asymptomatic women with newly diagnosed primary breast cancer attending our center between 1980 and 1984. Staging tests included chest X-rays in 851 patients, bone X-rays in 831, alkaline phosphatase in 826, hepatic enzymes in 818, liver echography in 750 and bone scintigraphy in 504. The intended local treatment was changed for a systemic one in 8 patients due to suspicious abnormalities.