A new apterous species of the genus Ploiaria (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) from Maharashtra, India.

A new species of thread-legged assassin bugs, Ploiaria enigmatica sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae: Leistarchini), is described from Western Ghats of Maharashtra, India.

Taxonomic corrections for East and Southeast Asian Reduviidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera).

The identities of certain East and Southeast Asian genera and species of Reduviidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) are clarified based on their type materials and taxonomic conclusions are drawn. The following new subjective synonymies and new combinations are proposed: Harpactorinae: Cutocoris Stål, 1859 = Paracydnocoris Miller, 1954, syn. nov.

Taxonomic corrections for Asian Fingulus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae).

The identities of two East and Southeast Asian species of the plant bug genus Fingulus Distant, 1904 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Deraeocorinae: Deraeocorini) are clarified based on their type specimens. The following new subjective synonymies are proposed: F. longicornis Miyamoto, 1965 = F.

Aphelonotus schuhi sp. nov., the first s--pecies of the family Pachynomidae from Puerto Rico (Hemiptera: Heteroptera).

Aphelonotus schuhi sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pachynomidae: Aphelonotinae) is described from Puerto Rico based on a single male collected by flight interception trap.

From lanceolate to plate-like: Gross morphology, terminology, and evolutionary trends of the trichophoran ovipositor.

The ovipositor morphology of Trichophora (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) is revisited. Skeletomuscular structure of the ovipositor of selected species and outgroups is documented. Homologies of the structures are established, different homology hypotheses of previous authors are discussed and rejected.

When did the ancestor of true bugs become stinky? Disentangling the phylogenomics of Hemiptera-Heteroptera.

The phylogeny of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), one of the most diverse insect groups in terms of morphology and ecology, has been the focus of attention for decades with respect to several deep nodes between the suborders of Hemiptera and the infraorders of Heteroptera. Here, we assembled a phylogenomic data set of 53 taxa and 3102 orthologous genes to investigate the phylogeny of Hemiptera-Heteroptera, and both concatenation and coalescent methods were used. A binode-control approach for data filtering was introduced to reduce the incongruence between different genes, which can improve the performance of phylogenetic reconstruction.

A review of the species of the tribe Chorosomatini of China (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae).

Species of the tribe Chorosomatini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae: Rhopalinae) occurring in China are reviewed. Type materials of three species described from China, so far of uncertain identities, are re-examined and documented, and taxonomic changes are accordingly proposed. The following synonymies, suspected but not explicitly proposed by previous authors, are confirmed and explicitly proposed: Agraphopus lethierryi Stål, 1872 = A.

A new synonymy in East Asian Urostylididae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera).

Urostylididae is a moderately species-rich family of phytophagous, mainly arboricolous pentatomoid true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) currently comprising 8 genera and 172 species (Rider et al. 2018). All described species occur in Asia, but undescribed taxa are present in Madagascar (P.

Phylogeny and the colourful history of jewel bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Scutelleridae).

Members of the family Scutelleridae (Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Pentatomoidea) are also called shield bugs because of the greatly enlarged scutellum, or jewel bugs because of the brilliant colours of many species. All scutellerids are phytophagous, feeding on various parts of their host plants. Due to lack of obvious synapomorphies and the failure to apply rigorous phylogenetic methods, the higher classification of Scutelleridae has been disputed for more than 150 years.

A revision of Graptophara (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae).

The Indomalayan genus Graptophara Stål, 1865 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae: Scutellerinae) is redescribed and revised, and its systematic position is discussed. Two species, G. reynaudii (Guérin-Méneville, 1834) (the type species, distributed in the Sundaic Region) and G.

The genus Alphocoris in the Indomalaya (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae).

The Indomalayan species of the genus Alphocoris Germar, 1839 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae: Odontotarsinae: Odontotarsini) are revised. Three species, A. caudatus Rédei, Tsai Jindra, sp.

Fieber, 1861 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), another Mediterranean bug expanding to the north.

Acrosternum heegeri Fieber, 1861 (Hemiptera: Heteropera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Pentatomini), a Holomediterranean-Turanian shield bug species, is recorded for the first time from Hungary, representing the first known occurrence of the species in Central Europe. The species is illustrated, its geographic distribution is reviewed. The occurrence of A.

Physoderinae Miller, 1954 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae): a junior synonym of Epiroderinae Distant, 1904, and a junior homonym of Physoderina Chaudoir, 1877 (Coleoptera: Carabidae).

The purpose of the present paper is to review and resolve nomenclatural problems with the family-group name Physoderinae Miller, 1954 (type genus: Physoderes Westwood, 1846), a name being in prevailing usage for a subfamily of assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae). It is demonstrated that this name is a junior synonym of Epiroderinae Distant, 1904 (type genus: Epirodera Westwood, 1847, a junior objective synonym of Physoderes) and permanently invalid as a junior homonym of the family-group name Physoderina Chaudoir, 1877 (type genus: Physodera Eschscholtz, 1829) (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalinae: Lebiini), therefore it is replaced by its senior synonym, Epiroderinae.

Taxonomic corrections on (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Plataspidae).

Vollenhoven (1864) presented a preliminary report and subsequently (Vollenhoven 1865) a detailed description of a new genus of pentatomoid true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), Poseidon Vollenhoven, 1864, with a single included species, P. malayanus Vollenhoven, 1864; the species is therefore the type species of the genus by monotypy. The genus was placed into Scutelleridae by Vollenhoven (1864, 1865), but the latter taxon was defined broadly, in a way much different from the current concept of this family (see e.

The identity of , with proposal of new genus and species level synonymies (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Heterogastridae).

The identities of the genus Equatobursa Zou, 1985 and its single included species, E. nigra Zou, 1985 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Heterogastridae) are clarified based on the re-examination of the type material of the species. The following new subjective synonymies are proposed: Sadoletus Distant, 1903 = Equatobursa Zou, 1985, syn.

Resolving the taxonomy and nomenclature of (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae).

The identity of Metochus abbreviatus Scott, 1874 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae: Rhyparochrominae: Rhyparochromini) is clarified based on reexamination of the lectotype. The subjective synonymy of Dieuches kreyenbergi Breddin, 1906 with M. abbreviatus is confirmed.

Fossil record of stem groups employed in evaluating the chronogram of insects (Arthropoda: Hexapoda).

Insecta s. str. (=Ectognatha), comprise the largest and most diversified group of living organisms, accounting for roughly half of the biodiversity on Earth.

A new synonymy in the genus Macrocixius (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae).

Until recently the genus Macrocixius Matsumura, 1914 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) contained two species: M. giganteus Matsumura, 1914 (the type species) and M. grossus Tsaur & Hsu, 1991.

Phylogenetic divergences of the true bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera), with emphasis on the aquatic lineages: the last piece of the aquatic insect jigsaw originated in the Late Permian/Early Triassic.

Heteroptera are among the most diverse hemimetabolous insects. Seven infraorders have been recognized within this suborder of Hemiptera. Apart from the well-established sister-group relationship between Cimicomorpha and Pentatomomorpha (= Terheteroptera), the two terminal lineages, the relationships among the other five infraorders are still controversial, of which three (Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha and Leptopodomorpha) are intimately connected to aquatic environments.

The identity of the Brachyplatys species recently introduced to Panama, with a review of bionomics (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Plataspidae).

A recent report of a population of Brachyplatys vahlii (Fabricius, 1787) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Plataspidae) introduced to Panama is considered as misidentification, the species in concern is recognized as B. subaeneus (Westwood, 1837). Syntypes of B.

Lectotype designations and taxonomic corrections on Neotropical Scutelleridae described by G. Breddin (Hemiptera: Heteroptera).

Lectotypes are designated and documented for the following species and infrasubspecific taxa: Dystus villosus Breddin, 1904; Lobothyreus breviceps Breddin, 1914; Pachycoris torridus (Scopoli, 1772) var. laetissimus Breddin, 1906 (originally proposed as var. laetissima); P.

The identity of Orthaea maculifera, with proposal of a new synonymy (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae).

Orthaea maculifera Uhler, 1861 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Rhyparochromidae) was described by Uhler (1861) based on an unspecified number of female specimens from Hong Kong. For a long time this species remained of unknown identity and uncertain generic placement (Stål 1874, Lethierry & Severin 1894). As a result of the synonymy of the genus Orthaea Dallas, 1852 with Pachybrachius Hahn, 1826 proposed by Barber (1939) (not accepted by Harrington (1980) and subsequent workers), Slater (1964) listed the species within the genus Pachybrachius.

Lectotype designations and taxonomic corrections on species of Lygaeoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) described by Gustav Breddin.

Types of selected species of Lygaeoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) described by Gustav Breddin, so far of unknown depository, were re-examined and the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems that existed among those species are discussed and resolved as required. The holotype of Dieuches schultheissi Breddin, 1906 is documented. Lectotypes are designated and documented for the following taxa: Lygaeidae: Aethalotus horni Breddin, 1907; Aspilogeton nubicola Breddin, 1901; Lygaeus hospes Fabricius, 1794 var.

Redefinition of Acanthosoma and taxonomic corrections to its included species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Acanthosomatidae).

The genus level diagnostic characters of Acanthosoma Curtis, 1824, Anaxandra Stål, 1876, and Sastragala Amyot & Serville, 1843 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Acanthosomatidae) are discussed. The synonymy of Acanthosoma and Anaxandra proposed by Kumar (1974) is supported. Acanthosoma and Sastragala are redefined and recognized as valid genera.