Rapid Field Response to a Cluster of Illnesses and Deaths - Sinoe County, Liberia, April-May, 2017.

On April 25, 2017, the Sinoe County Health Team (CHT) notified the Liberia Ministry of Health (MoH) and the National Public Health Institute of Liberia of an unknown illness among 14 persons that resulted in eight deaths in Sinoe County. On April 26, the National Rapid Response Team and epidemiologists from CDC, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the African Field Epidemiology Network (AFENET) in Liberia were deployed to support the county-led response. Measures were immediately implemented to identify all cases, ascertain the cause of illness, and control the outbreak.

Protecting effects of intravenous insoluble glycogen treatment on the experimental necrotizing acute pancreatitis of dogs.

Background/aims: We have studied the effects of insoluble glycogen applied intravenously on the experimental acute pancreatitis of dogs.

Methods: Experimental acute pancreatitis was induced by olive oil injected into the main pancreatic duct. The effects of insoluble glycogen were evaluated histologically and by measurements of levels of amylase, lipase in sera.

[Association between malignant hematologic diseases and cancer].

Between January 1 1983 and December 31 1993, 56 cases of association between malignant haematologic diseases and cancers were registered by authors. In their 15 cases there was the first tumour the cancer, in 20 cases the haematologic malignancy, and simultaneous occurrences were found in 21 cases. With the exception of eleven patients the second malignancy was diagnosed (and as far as possible treated) in the life of patients.

[Histological and clinical progression of a B-cell type non-Hodgkin lymphoma of low-grade malignancy with primary cutaneous manifestations].

The development of primary cutaneous immunoblastic lymphoma, then its leukaemic phase was observed by authors in the course of disease of the young man with primary cutaneous centrocytic lymphoma. Authors think this case counts on interest because of the unusual appearance and course of centrocytic lymphoma.

[Localization of primary and recurrent bladder tumors].

The location distribution of the primary and recurrent bladder tumours was studied in 417 patients. The authors decided that the ureteral orifices, the lateral walls are the most common places of primary superficial bladder tumours. The favoured places of the primary invasive bladder tumours are the posterior walls.

[Results of BCG immunotherapy in the management of bladder tumors].

The authors reported their results of BCG immunotherapy in the treatment of the bladder cancer. between 1984-1989 60 superficial and 4 muscle infiltrative bladder tumors were treated. The results of 53 BCG treated superficial bladder cancer group were compared to control groups.

[Histopathologic characteristics and clinical behavior of superficial bladder tumors].

The authors analyse the histopathological features and clinical behaviour of 325 superficial (Ta, T1) tumours of 232 patients with bladder cancer. Each of the tumours was treated by TUR using differentiating resection technique and multiple cold biopsy was performed in 197 patients. The recurrence and progression of superficial tumours are examined during the 3-192 months follow up time.

[Radical transurethral resection of bladder tumors].

During the last ten years the authors treated 462 bladder tumors of 319 patients in the expectation of radicality. On the basis of histopathological examination following TURs with differenciating technique the tumor-removing proved true in the cases of 360 tumors (78%). The first TUR was radical only in 65% of the tumors, in 10% the second, in 2% the third and in 1% the fourth intervention resulted full radicality.

[Significance of seemingly intact urothelium in patients with bladder cancer].

During 9 years (from 1979 to 1988) the authors performed 412 multiple cold biopsies taken from 9 different points of the cancerous bladder in 263 patients. In 42 per cent of the patients the hystopathological examination of biopsy materials discovered dysplasia, carcinoma in situ or tumor of the grossly normal urothelium. The frequency of these proliferative lesions is closely connected with number, configuration, grading and depth of infiltration of overt bladder tumor.

[Dysplastic urothelial changes in patients with bladder cancer].

The authors treated 238 patients with urinary bladder tumours in 4 years. In each case the transurethral resection formed an integrae part of the treatment plan in the form of a diagnostic, curative or palliative TUR. The transurethral intervention in 152 cases was carried out with differentiated resection technique according to Bressel, in 137 cases mapping was also made of 9 different points.

Maturation of the fetal lung II. Effect of hyperoxia on phosphatidic acid phosphatase, pyruvate kinase and superoxide dismutase activity in the newborn rat lung.

Oxygen-induced lung toxicity was studied in newborn rats. Three-day-old rats were exposed to 85-90% oxygen or air for 48 h. The activity of pulmonary antioxidant defenses, as measured by the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), showed a progressive increase in activity.

[Studies on the diaplacental transmission of Masugi-nephritis in the rabbit].

A diaplacentar transmission of the Masugi nephritis or the evocation of a clinical picture similar to the congenital glomerulonephritis could not be achieved in rabbits. Also, the juxtaglomerular index-values of the experimental group did not show a significant difference referred to the control group.

Frequency of juxtaglomerular granulated cells in the mouse kidney.

Studies of 23 untreated adult mouse kidneys revealed that in mouse kidney sections the frequency of juxtaglomerular granulated cells as compared to the glomeruli is 38.5 +/- 1.79%, the value for the JGI, 71.

Salt and water balance and renin activity in renal hypertension of rats.

In male Sprague-Dawley rats, renal artery constriction in the presence of an inact contralateral kidney induced sodium retention (for 2-3 wk), moderate potassium loss,elevation of blood volume (BV), and an increase in water turnover. It is suggestedthat renal artery constriction activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, resulting in disordered regulation of salt and water balance and in blood pressure (BP) elevation. Subsequently, sodium balance was reestablished in one group of hypertensive rats.

Correlation between juxtaglomerular index, kidney renin content and plasma renin concentration in the rat.

The correlation between juxtaglomerular index, kidney renin content, and plasma renin concentration has been investigated in rats. The results indicate that renin exists in two forms. When determining the renin content of the kidney, the renin actually present in the modified smooth muscle cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus is measured; this is called bound renin.