Polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden scales in older adults: a cross-sectional study among psychiatric outpatients in a tertiary care hospital.

Introduction: Mental disorders are prevalent among older adults, often leading to the use of multiple medications, many with anticholinergic properties. Polypharmacy, common in this population, is a major contributor to anticholinergic burden, which is linked to cognitive and physical decline. This study investigates the relationship between polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden across seven anticholinergic burden scales in elderly patients attending the psychiatric outpatient.

Genetic parameter analysis and evaluation of maize hybrids under local climatic condition of Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Maize is a cornerstone of global agriculture, essential for food security, livestock feed, and industrial uses. With the increasing demand for maize due to population growth and changing dietary patterns, there is a pressing need to enhance maize production. Hybridization is a strategic approach for developing high-yielding and stress-tolerant maize varieties and evaluating these hybrids in specific environmental conditions is vital for optimizing yield and adaptability.

Novel Therapies for Right Ventricular Failure.

Purpose Of Review: Traditionally viewed as a passive player in circulation, the right ventricle (RV) has become a pivotal force in hemodynamics. RV failure (RVF) is a recognized complication of primary cardiac and pulmonary vascular disorders and is associated with a poor prognosis. Unlike treatments for left ventricular failure (LVF), strategies such as adrenoceptor signaling inhibition and renin-angiotensin system modulation have shown limited success in RVF.

Role of riverbed sand mining on planform and cross-sectional morphology of Mayurakshi River, India.

Human interventions in the form of riverbed sand mining are escalating worldwide, especially in the humid tropics with excess population pressure exerting an elevated demand for sand as construction materials. Naturally, channel morphological alterations are observed for the tropical fluvial systems to a large extent. The present work examines the riverbed sand mining of the Mayurakshi River (India) during the last fifty years (1970-2020) using topographical maps, satellite images and field-based cross-sectional measurements.

Mechanistic insight into neuroprotective effect of standardized ginger chemo varieties from Manipur, India in scopolamine induced learning and memory impaired mice.

Alzheimer's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline in cognitive function and behaviour. Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale Roscoe, has been an important ingredient of many Ayurveda formulations to treat neurological disorders. The present study aims to estimate the variation of 6-gingerol content in nine different ginger samples collected from Manipur, India, investigate the neuroprotective potential of the most potent ginger sample against scopolamine-induced cognitively impaired mice, and validate the therapeutic claim by molecular docking analysis.

Side-Gated Iontronic Memtransistor: A Fast and Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Building Block.

Iontronic memtransistors have emerged as technologically superior to conventional memristors for neuromorphic applications due to their low operating voltage, additional gate control, and enhanced energy efficiency. In this study, a side-gated iontronic organic memtransistor (SG-IOMT) device is explored as a potential energy-efficient hardware building block for fast neuromorphic computing. Its operational flexibility, which encompasses the complex integration of redox activities, ion dynamics, and polaron generation, makes this device intriguing for simultaneous information storage and processing, as it effectively overcomes the von Neumann bottleneck of conventional computing.

Simultaneous detection of dengue virus serotypes in a dual-serotype-detection nucleic acid based lateral flow assay.

Dengue virus (DENV) is an important arthropod-borne viral disease, with four antigenically and genetically diverse serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4). Timely and accurate diagnosis of dengue virus serotypes is crucial for the management of outbreaks. This study focussed on the development of a RT-PCR based lateral flow strip assay to detect DENV serotypes in a dual detection manner without using gel electrophoresis.

Examining Health and Social Support Among University Housekeepers: A Mixed-Methods Exploratory Study.

This pilot, exploratory project examined the relationship among the health, work, and social support of university housekeepers. The first objective was to examine the influence of social support on work-related outcomes among university housekeepers. The secondary objective was to examine the influence of social support on physical and psychological health among housekeepers.

Key Anodic Interfacial Phenomena and their Control in Next-Generation Lithium and Sodium Metal Batteries.

Advancing next-generation battery technologies requires a thorough understanding of the intricate phenomena occurring at anodic interfaces. This focused review explores key interfacial processes, examining their thermodynamics and consequences in ion transport and charge transfer kinetics. It begins with a discussion on the formation of the electro chemical double layer, based on the GuoyChapman model, and explores how charge carriers achieve equilibrium at the interface.

Synthesis of 6-Benzo[c]chromene Scaffolds: A Synthetic Strategy of Pd-Catalyzed Annulation Followed by Aerial Oxidation.

A synthetic strategy of a palladium-catalyzed cascade annulation reaction followed by aerial oxidation was designed to construct 6-benzo[c]chromene scaffolds. Various 6-benzo[c]chromenes were synthesized under mild reaction conditions using easily accessible -QMs and commercially available -hydroxyarylboronic acids. One of the synthesized chromenes has been ambiguously confirmed by single-crystal XRD analysis.

Utilising snake rescue data to understand snake-human conflict in Hooghly, West Bengal, India.

Background: Snakebite envenoming, classified as a neglected tropical disease, poses a significant threat to life in India, where it is estimated to cause 58 000 fatalities as well as 140 000 morbidities annually. To reduce the occurrence of snakebite, we need a comprehensive understanding of human-snake conflict ecology. Snake rescue networks represent a vital resource for gathering such ecological data.

The ATP-dependent DEAD-box RNA Helicase Dbp2 regulates the glucose/nitrogen stress response in baker's yeast by modulating reversible nuclear retention and decay of SKS1 mRNA.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, SKS1 mRNA encoding a glucose-sensing serine/threonine kinase belongs to "nucleus-retained" (NR) mRNAs representing a subset of otherwise normal transcripts, which exhibits slow nuclear export and excessively long nuclear dwell time. Nuclear retention of the SKS1 mRNA triggered by a 202 nt "export-retarding" nuclear zip code (NZ) element promotes its rapid degradation in the nucleus by the nuclear exosome/CTEXT. In this investigation, we demonstrate that Dbp2p, an ATP-dependent DEAD-box RNA helicase binds to SKS1 and other NR-mRNAs and thereby inhibits their export by antagonizing with the binding of the export factors Mex67p/Yra1p.

Predicting the potential distribution of stingless bee, Tetragonula iridipennis in India using MaxEnt and CMIP6 climate projections.

Tetragonula iridipennis Smith, commonly known as the stingless bee or 'dammer bee', is a key native species that pollinates a wide variety of horticultural crops, including onions, in India. Climate change significantly affects species distribution and habitat suitability. This study utilized Maximum Entropy Modeling (MaxEnt) to predict the current and future distribution of T.

Application of the Sydney System for Classification and Reporting Lymph Node Cytopathology to Assess the Risk of Malignancy and its Diagnostic Accuracy.

Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the lymph nodes is the first-line evaluation of lymphadenopathy of unknown etiology. For better diagnostic clarity and proper communication to clinicians, the Sydney System was proposed in 2020 for the performance, classification, and reporting of lymph node cytopathology. The present study was conducted to analyze the diagnostic performance and risk of malignancy (ROM) associated with each of the diagnostic categories of the proposed Sydney System.

Wetlands function as carbon sink: Evaluation of few floodplains of middle Assam, northeast India in the perspective of climate change.

Floodplain wetlands are biologically rich and productive ecosystems that can capture carbon (C) from the atmosphere through macrophytes and phytoplanktons and hold it in soil for a long time thus playing a critical role in mitigating climate change. The Assam state of India has about 1392 floodplain wetlands engulfing around 100,000 ha area in the Brahmaputra and Barak River basin. In the present study, five different wetlands in the middle Assam viz.

Isolation and characterization of Saprolegnia parasitica from cage-reared Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and its sensitivity to different antifungal compounds.

Saprolegniasis is one of the most dangerous fungal diseases of fish, causing significant mortality in fish hatcheries and young ones. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize the causative fungus from fingerlings of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus cultured intensively in freshwater cages in Indian reservoirs and to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations of different antifungal compounds against the fungal hyphae and zoospores. The fungal isolates grown on potato dextrose agar showed an abundance of gemmae, elongated mycelia, non-septate hyphae, primary zoospores, mature zoosporangia with numerous zoospores, cysts with bundles of long hairs and were further identified as Saprolegnia parasitica following PCR amplification and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer region.

Active Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Platform Based on a 2D Material-Flexible Nanotip Array.

Two-dimensional materials with a nanostructure have been introduced as promising candidates for SERS platforms for sensing application. However, the dynamic control and tuning of SERS remains a long-standing problem. Here, we demonstrated active tuning of the enhancement factor of the first- and second-order Raman mode of monolayer (1L) MoS transferred onto a flexible metallic nanotip array.

Microtubule-Targeting NAP Peptide-Ru(II)-polypyridyl Conjugate As a Bimodal Therapeutic Agent for Triple Negative Breast Carcinoma.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant treatment challenges due to its high metastasis, heterogeneity, and poor biomarker expression. The N-terminus of an octapeptide NAPVSIPQ () was covalently coupled to a carboxylic acid derivative of Ru(2,2'-bipy) () to synthesize an N-stapled short peptide-Rubpy conjugate (). This photosensitizer (PS) was utilized to treat TNBC through microtubule (MT) targeted chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Where do the pyrene molecules reside within the surface active ionic liquid micelles in presence of sodium alginate?

Pyrene fluorescence in aqueous solutions of two surface active ionic liquids, namely, 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was investigated in presence of a biopolymer sodium alginate. The principal objective of this study was to explore the influence of the length of the hydrocarbon tails of these surface active ionic liquids on the possible location of the probe (pyrene) molecules in presence of the additive. While an abrupt decrease in the values of the ratio of the intensity of the first vibronic band to that of the third band of pyrene emission spectrum with concentration was observed for 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride in presence of sodium alginate like the polymer-free case reported earlier, there was a peculiar reversal for 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride + sodium alginate.

Geo-spatial analysis of acute ischemic stroke reperfusion treatment in India: An assessment of distribution and access to centers.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of global mortality and disability, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. Access to intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular treatment (EVT) remains extremely limited.

Aims: We evaluated the spatial distribution and geographic accessibility of stroke centers in India.

Morpho-biochemical and molecular profiling for Charcoal Rot (CR) disease resistance in Mung Bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] landraces.

Background: Charcoal Rot (CR) poses a significant threat to mung bean crops by reducing yield, making the development of resistant varieties crucial for stable production and food security. This study evaluated 19 newly identified mung bean landraces using biochemical traits and SSR markers, revealing genetic variability, CR disease reactions, and traits influencing yield and resistance, which provide valuable insights for breeding CR-resistant, high-yielding varieties.

Methods And Results: Mung bean landraces were evaluated for their response to CR using 4 biochemical parameters, and 10 SSR markers to assess genetic variability and disease resistance.

Metal complex-based probes for the detection of chloride ions.

Chloride ions play vital roles in a variety of biological and environmental processes, making their accurate and efficient detection critical for both research and practical applications. In this perspective, we explore the recent advancements in the development of metal complex-based probes for chloride ion detection, with a focus on complexes involving transition and lanthanide metals. These probes offer remarkable selectivity and sensitivity, achieved through diverse mechanisms such as metal coordination, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and halogen or chalcogen bonding.