Patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip shows higher digit ratio (2D:4D).

Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) encompasses a range of hip disorders, from dysplasia to dislocation. One key factor is sex, with women being four to eight times more susceptible to DDH than men. However, there have been no studies investigating the second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), a biomarker of prenatal sex steroid exposure, in DDH patients.

Dirac neutrino masses from generalized supersymmetry breaking.

We demonstrate that Dirac neutrino masses in the experimentally preferred range are generated within supersymmetric gauge extensions of the standard model with a generalized supersymmetry breaking sector. If the superpotential neutrino Yukawa terms are forbidden by the gauge symmetry [such as a U(1)'], sub-eV scale effective Dirac mass terms can arise at tree level from hard supersymmetry breaking Yukawa couplings, or at one loop due to nonanalytic soft supersymmetry breaking trilinear scalar couplings. The radiative neutrino magnetic and electric dipole moments vanish at one-loop order.

Prevalence of asthma and related symptoms in Sivas, Central Anatolia.

Background: In our clinical experience, asthma is an important health problem in our region, but we did not know its prevalence.

Objective: The main objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of asthma in Sivas, a city in Central Anatolia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using a screening questionnaire adopted from European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS).