Transferrin Saturation, Serum Iron, and Ferritin in Heart Failure: Prognostic Significance and Proteomic Associations.

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) is currently defined as a serum ferritin level <100 or 100 to 299 ng/mL with transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20%. Serum ferritin and TSAT are currently used to define absolute and functional ID. However, individual markers of iron metabolism may be more informative than current arbitrary definitions of ID.

Rapid High-Sensitivity Analysis of Methane Clumped Isotopes (ΔCHD and ΔCHD) Using Mid-Infrared Laser Spectroscopy.

Mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy enables rapid and nondestructive analysis of methane clumped isotopes. However, current analytical methods require a sample size of 20 mL STP (0.82 mmol) of pure CH gas, which significantly limits its application to natural samples.

A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories.

Setting up a global SARS-CoV-2 surveillance system requires an understanding of how virus isolation and propagation practices, use of animal or human sera, and different neutralisation assay platforms influence assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antigenicity. In this study, with the contribution of 15 independent laboratories across all WHO regions, we carried out a controlled analysis of neutralisation assay platforms using the first WHO International Standard for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (source: NIBSC). Live virus isolates (source: WHO BioHub or individual labs) or spike plasmids (individual labs) for pseudovirus production were used to perform neutralisation assays using the same serum panels.

Genetic basis of resistance in hosts facing alternative infection strategies by a virulent bacterial pathogen.

Having alternative infection routes is thought to help parasites circumvent host resistance, provided that these routes are associated with different host resistance loci. This study tests this postulate by examining whether alternate infection routes of the parasite Pasteuria ramosa are linked to distinct resistance loci in its crustacean host, Daphnia magna. We focus on the P.

Prevalence and Prognosis of Mild Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-based Cohort Study, 1997-2020.

Background & Aims: The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are heterogenous diseases ranging from mild to severe. We aimed to describe the prevalence and prognosis of mild IBD in an unselected population-based patient cohort.

Methods: We identified all individuals diagnosed with IBD during 1997 to 2020 in North Denmark (n = 4607).

Self-efficacy, social support and oral health-related quality of life in patients with kidney transplantation and under hemodialysis.

Background: Aim of this questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was to compare self-efficacy, social support, oral hygiene-related self-efficacy (OHRSE) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) between patients under chronic hemodialysis (HD) and patients after kidney transplantation (KTx) as well as a healthy comparison group (HC).

Methods: Patients under HD were recruited during their routine outpatient dialysis therapy, KTx patients during their maintenance appointment and HC patients during their regular dental check-up in the dental clinic. General self-efficacy, the OHRSE, social support (F-SozU-K14) and the OHRQoL (OHIP-G5) were assessed by specific validated questionnaires.

[Left bundle branch (area) pacing: lead positioning and implant criteria-step for step].

Left bundle branch area pacing is currently the most common form of physiological pacing prior to His bundle pacing. It is intended to prevent or correct the development of pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy and is being used more and more frequently. In order to be able to perform this successfully, knowledge regarding the specific anatomy and radiological anatomy as well as the ECG criteria for left bundle branch pacing is required in addition to knowledge of the tools.

Modifying the Glycocalyx of Melanoma Cells via Metabolic Glycoengineering Using -Acetyl-d-glucosamine Analogues.

Tumor cells are decorated with aberrant glycan structures on cell surfaces. It is well known that the glycocalyx serves as a main cellular regulator, although its role in cancer is still not completely understood. Over recent decades, several non-natural monosaccharides carrying clickable groups have been introduced in melanoma cells.

Isolated Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis for Ongoing Instability Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction with an Intact Graft is Effective and Has Low Surgical Morbidity.

The management of persisting instability following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) includes isolated lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LEAT). The present study investigates the outcomes following isolated LEAT to address ongoing instability following ACLR without LEAT. Patients with ongoing symptomatic instability following ACLR with a radiologically intact and well-positioned graft who underwent an isolated LEAT between January 2017 and March 2022 were retrospectively recruited.

Direct Comparison of Quality of Life in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Undergoing Sublingual Versus Subcutaneous Immunotherapy.

: Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) are commonly used for allergic rhinitis (AR), yet limited research has directly compared their effects on quality of life (QoL). We aimed to assess QoL differences between SLIT and SCIT recipients. As both forms of immunotherapy have reported benefits, we hypothesize that patients undergoing SLIT and SCIT will have comparable QoL improvements.

Network meta-analysis examining efficacy of components of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia.

Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is recommended as first-line treatment for insomnia. CBT-I is a multi-component intervention comprising psychoeducation, sleep restriction, stimulus control, cognitive, and relaxation therapy. The relative efficacy of its components has yet to be investigated with state-of-the-art meta-analytic methods.

Tranexamic Acid for reduction of intra- and postoperative TRansfusion requirements in elective Abdominal surgery (TATRA): study protocol for an investigator-initiated, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized superiority trial with two parallel groups.

Background: Intra- and postoperative hemorrhage is a relevant problem in major abdominal surgery, leading to acute anemia and necessitating transfusion of packed red blood cells. It is estimated that in 30% of abdominal surgeries, intra- or postoperative transfusion is required. Transfusion potentially has detrimental health effects and poses a considerable socioeconomic burden.

Discovery of electrophilic degraders that exploit SAr chemistry.

Targeted covalent inhibition (TCI) and targeted protein degradation (TPD) have proven effective in pharmacologically addressing formerly 'undruggable' targets. Integration of both methodologies has resulted in the development of electrophilic degraders where recruitment of a suitable E3 ubiquitin ligase is achieved through formation of a covalent bond with a cysteine nucleophile. Expanding the scope of electrophilic degraders requires the development of electrophiles with tempered reactivity that enable selective ligase recruitment and reduce cross-reactivity with other cellular nucleophiles.

Overcoming Intrinsic Quantum Confinement and Ultrafast Self-Trapping in Ag-Bi-I- and Cu-Bi-I-Based 2D Double Perovskites through Electroactive Cations.

The possibility to combine organic semiconducting materials with inorganic halide perovskites opens exciting pathways toward tuning optoelectronic properties. Exploring stable and nontoxic, double perovskites as a host for electroactive organic cations to form two-dimensional (2D) hybrid materials is an emerging opportunity to create both functional and lead-free materials for optoelectronic applications. By introducing naphthalene and pyrene moieties into Ag-Bi-I and Cu-Bi-I double perovskite lattices, intrinsic electronic challenges of double perovskites are addressed and the electronic anisotropy of 2D perovskites can be modulated.

Privacy-preserving large language models for structured medical information retrieval.

Most clinical information is encoded as free text, not accessible for quantitative analysis. This study presents an open-source pipeline using the local large language model (LLM) "Llama 2" to extract quantitative information from clinical text and evaluates its performance in identifying features of decompensated liver cirrhosis. The LLM identified five key clinical features in a zero- and one-shot manner from 500 patient medical histories in the MIMIC IV dataset.

Contribution of laboratory medicine and emerging technologies to cardiovascular risk reduction via exposome analysis: an opinion of the IFCC Division on Emerging Technologies.

This opinion article highlights the critical role of laboratory medicine and emerging technologies in cardiovascular risk reduction through exposome analysis. The exposome encompasses all external and internal exposures an individual faces throughout their life, influencing the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Integrating exposome data with genetic information allows for a comprehensive understanding of the multifactorial causes of CVD, facilitating targeted preventive interventions.

A familial, telomere-to-telomere reference for human mutation and recombination from a four-generation pedigree.

Using five complementary short- and long-read sequencing technologies, we phased and assembled >95% of each diploid human genome in a four-generation, 28-member family (CEPH 1463) allowing us to systematically assess mutations (DNMs) and recombination. From this family, we estimate an average of 192 DNMs per generation, including 75.5 single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), 7.

A systematic review of predictors and moderators of treatment outcomes in internet- and mobile-based interventions for depression.

This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on predictors and moderators of treatment outcomes in internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) for depression, informing personalized care. A systematic search across PubMed, PsycInfo, and Cochrane yielded 33,002 results. Two reviewers independently performed screening, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and methodological quality evaluation.

Assessing the Heterogeneity of Response of [Ga] Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT Lesions in Patients With Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer.

Introduction: Treatment of men with metastatic prostate cancer can be difficult due to the heterogeneity of response of lesions. [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 (PSMA) PET/CT assists with monitoring and directing clinical intervention; however, the impact of response heterogeneity has yet to be related to outcome measures. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of quantitative imaging information on the value of PSMA PET/CT to assess patient outcomes in response evaluation.