Impact of Frailty on Antihypertensive Treatment in Older Adults.

Background: The association between systolic blood pressure and all-cause mortality differs between frail and nonfrail individuals, highlighting uncertainties about the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatments in frail populations.

Methods: Using data from the SHEP trial (Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program), a baseline frailty index (FI), including 55 variables, was constructed. Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to explore the association between baseline FI and the risks of stroke, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause death, as well as to examine whether the impact of antihypertensive treatment on these outcomes was modified by baseline FI.

Early Versus Delayed Antihypertensive Treatment After Acute Ischemic Stroke by Hypertension History.

Background: We performed a prespecified subgroup analysis of the CATIS-2 trial (China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke II) to compare the effect of early versus delayed antihypertensive treatment on death and disability in patients with and without medical history of hypertension.

Methods: CATIS-2 is a multicenter randomized clinical trial conducted in 106 hospitals in China. The trial randomized 4810 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24 to 48 hours of symptom onset and elevated systolic blood pressure between 140 and <220 mm Hg to receive antihypertensive treatment immediately after randomization or to discontinue antihypertensive medications for 7 days and then receive treatment on day 8.

Intracerebroventricular administration of a modified hexosaminidase ameliorates late-stage neurodegeneration in a GM2 mouse model.

The GM2 gangliosidoses, Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease, are devastating neurodegenerative disorders caused by β-hexosaminidase A (HexA) deficiency. In the Sandhoff disease mouse model, rescue potential was severely reduced when HexA was introduced after disease onset. Here, we assess the effect of recombinant HexA and HexD3, a newly engineered mimetic of HexA optimized for the treatment of Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease.

Tenecteplase Thrombolysis for Stroke up to 24 Hours After Onset With Perfusion Imaging Selection: The CHABLIS-T II Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Whether it is effective and safe to extend the time window of intravenous thrombolysis up to 24 hours after the last known well is unknown. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large/medium vessel occlusion within an extended time window.

Methods: Patients with ischemic stroke presenting 4.

Determining the Optimal Age for Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CMOSS Randomized Trial.

Background: Previous trials have failed to demonstrate the benefits of extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery for patients with carotid or middle cerebral artery occlusion. However, little evidence has focused on the effect of age on prognosis. This study aimed to explore whether EC-IC bypass surgery can provide greater benefits than medical therapy alone in specific age groups.

Fine-Needle Portosystemic Pressure Gradient as a Reference for Portal Hypertension in Patients with Intrahepatic Venovenous Shunt: A Prospective Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the consistency and agreement between portal venous pressure measured by fine-needle (F), portal vein catheterization (D), and hepatic vein balloon-occlusion (W) in decompensated cirrhotic patients with intrahepatic venovenous shunts (IHVS).

Materials And Methods: 156 consecutive patients planning to receive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in our center were screened for study participation. The F/D/W were assessed for consistency by Pearson coefficient (r), linear regression coefficient (R), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and for disagreement (error exceeding 20% of D) by Bland-Altman method.

Late Gadolinium Enhancement of Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy at 5.0 T versus 3.0 T: A Crossover Design Study.

Purpose To compare the acquisition time, image quality, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) visualization and quantification on phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) images using 5.0-T versus 3.0-T cardiac MRI.

Serum GFAP and UCH-L1 Levels for the Assessment of the Absence of Hemorrhagic Transformation: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Currently, validated biomarkers for assessing hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) are lacking. We aimed to validate a test combining GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and UCH-L1 (ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1) to indicate the absence of HT after IVT.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with stroke treated with IVT from 16 hospitals.

Peli1 Deficiency in Macrophages Attenuates Pulmonary Hypertension by Enhancing Foxp1-Mediated Transcriptional Inhibition of IL-6.

Background: The infiltration of macrophages into the lungs is a common characteristic of perivascular inflammation, contributing to vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Peli1 (pellino E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1) plays a critical role in regulating the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the polarization of macrophages in various diseases. However, the role of Peli1 in PH remains to be investigated.

Oviposition Preferences of the Fall Armyworm () (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Response to Various Potential Repellent and Attractant Plants.

The fall armyworm (FAW), , is a major polyphagous pest that mainly feeds on maize and other cash crops. Understanding 's behavior on different host plants facilitates the development of effective integrated pest management (IPM) plans. Therefore, this study investigated the oviposition preferences of females among different host plants using no-choice, two-choice, and multiple-choice bioassays.

Cerebral cortical encephalitis in adults with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: A national case series.

Background And Purpose: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a relatively recently described disease, most commonly presenting with optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Cerebral cortical encephalitis is a rare manifestation of MOGAD.

Methods: We identified patients presenting with cerebral cortical encephalitis with positive MOG antibodies in serum across a large specialized service.

Neuroprotective Effects of Rapid Local Ischemic Postconditioning in Successful Endovascular Thrombectomy Patients.

Background: We aim to assess the efficacy of rapid local ischemic postconditioning (RL-IPostC) following successful reperfusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who underwent endovascular thrombectomy.

Methods: We conducted an ambidirectional cohort study with 78 prospectively enrolled patients with RL-IPostC and endovascular thrombectomy and 129 retrospectively enrolled patients with endovascular thrombectomy. The RL-IPostC procedure involved 5 cycles of 15-s balloon inflation and deflation in the ipsilateral internal carotid artery.

Mutant-selective AKT inhibition through lysine targeting and neo-zinc chelation.

Somatic alterations in the oncogenic kinase AKT1 have been identified in a broad spectrum of solid tumours. The most common AKT1 alteration replaces Glu17 with Lys (E17K) in the regulatory pleckstrin homology domain, resulting in constitutive membrane localization and activation of oncogenic signalling. In clinical studies, pan-AKT inhibitors have been found to cause dose-limiting hyperglycaemia, which has motivated the search for mutant-selective inhibitors.

Affinity molecular assay for detecting Candida albicans using chitin affinity and RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a.

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) pose a significant threat to immunocompromised individuals, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. Here we develop a rapid molecular diagnostic method that involves three steps: fungal enrichment using affinity-magnetic separation (AMS), genomic DNA extraction with silicon hydroxyl magnetic beads, and detection through a one-pot system.

Preclinical Profile of the HIV-1 Maturation Inhibitor VH3739937.

The HIV-1 maturation inhibitor (MI) VH3739937 (VH-937) inhibits cleavage between capsid and spacer peptide 1 and exhibits an oral half-life in humans compatible with once-weekly dosing. Here, the antiviral properties of VH-937 are described. VH-937 exhibited potent antiviral activity against all HIV-1 laboratory strains, clinical isolates, and recombinant viruses examined, with half-maximal effective concentration (EC) values ≤ 5.

Mechanical Properties, Durability Performance, and Microstructure of CaO-Fly Ash Solidified Sludge from Northeast, China.

In order to investigate the influence of the CaO and fly ash (FA) dosage and proportion on the mechanical properties, durability, and microstructure of solidified sludge, freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles and dry-wet (D-W) cycles are conducted to study the change in appearance and the strength attenuation of CaO-FA solidified sludge. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) is used to analyze the microstructure of the solidified sludge with various dosages and ratios of CaO-FA. The results demonstrate that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and direct shear strength of solidified sludge increase with the prolongation of the curing age.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosome-Integrated Antibacterial Hydrogels for Nasal Mucosal Injury Treatment.

Hydrogels have emerged as appealing prospects for wound healing due to their superior biocompatible qualities. However, the integration of antibacterial active substances into hydrogels for effective wound repair remains challenging. Here, we present a novel double-network hydrogel for nasal mucosal injury repair with antibacterial and self-healing capabilities.

Opportunities to improve the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism: retrospective cohort study.

Background: Although primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is readily diagnosed biochemically and can be cured with low-risk surgery, it is often underrecognized and undertreated. Our objectives were to characterize, within our health system, how often patients with hypercalcemia were evaluated for PHPT and how often patients with PHPT underwent definitive treatment with parathyroidectomy.

Methods: Ambulatory patients aged 18 years or older seen at our health system between January 2018 and June 2023 with chronic hypercalcemia were identified from the medical record.