The association between sleep duration and myopia among Chinese school-age students: mediation effect of physical activity.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and myopia in school-age students, as well as to observe the role of physical activity as a mediating variable in sleep duration and myopia.

Methods: Using multistage stratified sampling, 26,020 school-age students in Jiangsu Province, ages 7-18, were selected for this cross-sectional survey. Each participant completed a standardized interview in which their were asked about their vision, level of physical activity and average hours of sleep per day over the past month.

Influence of the Type of Bulk-Fill, Resin-Based Composite on Internal Adaptation in Class V Restorations.

Objective: To investigate the effects of bulk-fill, resin-based composite types (high or low viscosity) on the internal adaptation of Class V restorations.

Study Design: Experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Hefei Stomatological Hospital, Hefei, China, from October 2022 to December 2023.

The learning curve for laparoscopic-assisted single-port mediastinoscopic esophagectomy: an analysis of proficiency.

Background: Laparoscopic-assisted single-port mediastinoscopic esophagectomy is a safe and effective emerging minimally invasive esophagectomy, but little has been reported about the learning curve for this technology. The goal of the study was to determine the number of procedures to achieve different levels of proficiency on the learning curve.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed data from consecutive surgeries performed by the same surgeon at the same center from 2016 to 2021.

Intraocular lens calculation formula selection for short eyes: based on axial length and anterior chamber depth.

Purpose: To evaluate the predictive accuracy of 11 intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas in eyes with an axial length (AL) less than 22.00 mm.

Methods: New-generation formulas (Barrett Universal II [BUII], Emmetropia Verifying Optical [EVO] 2.

The Associations Between Myopia and Fundus Tessellation in School Children: A Comparative Analysis of Macular and Peripapillary Regions Using Deep Learning.

Purpose: To evaluate the refractive differences among school-aged children with macular or peripapillary fundus tessellation (FT) distribution patterns, using fundus tessellation density (FTD) quantified by deep learning (DL) technology.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 1942 school children aged six to 15 years, undergoing ocular biometric parameters, cycloplegic refraction, and fundus photography. FTD was quantified for both the macular (6 mm) and peripapillary (4 mm) regions, using DL-based image processing applied to 45° color fundus photographs.

Effect of Interventional Ultrasound in the Treatment of Postthyroidectomy Vocal Cord Dysfunction: A Preliminary Exploratory Study.

Purpose: To explore the efficacy of interventional ultrasound treatment for hoarseness caused by nondisconnected recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after thyroidectomy.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, we analysed the clinical data of 21 patients who underwent interventional ultrasound therapy (ultrasound-guided injection of a Diprospan and saline mixture) for postthyroidectomy hoarseness at our hospital between August 1, 2023, and January 31, 2024 (the Diprospan group) and randomly selected 21 patients who did not receive any treatment for postthyroidectomy hoarseness during the same period as the control group. The average vocal cord activity improvement time for the Diprospan group was calculated and compared with that of untreated patients from previous studies.

Larvae Meal Enhances Immune Response by Improving Serum Immunoglobulin, Intestinal Barrier and Gut Microbiota of Sichuan White Geese After Avian Influenza Vaccination.

Larvae Meal (HILM) has been observed to enhance growth performance and immune function, yet the effects and mechanisms in geese remain less understood. Experiment I included 64 Sichuan White Geese to investigate the optimal additive amount of HILM in diet, and experiment II included 32 Sichuan White Geese to access serum immunoglobulin, spleen immune-related genes, intestinal morphology and gut microbiota at the optimal additive amount of HILM. The results showed that the addition of 1% HILM significantly increased the ADG of Sichuan White Geese ( < 0.

Chlorine Axial Coordination Activated Lanthanum Single Atoms for Efficient Oxygen Electroreduction with Maximum Utilization.

Currently, there are still obstacles to rationally designing the ligand fields to activate rare-earth (RE) elements with satisfactory intrinsic electrocatalytic reactivity. Herein, axial coordination strategies and nanostructure design are applied for the construction of La single atoms (La-Cl SAs/NHPC) with satisfactory oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. The nontrivial LaNCl motifs configuration and the hierarchical porous carbon substrate that facilitates maximized metal atom utilization ensure high half-wave potential (0.

Multimodal oculomotor assessment reveals prodromal markers of Parkinson's disease in non-manifesting LRRK2 G2019S mutation carriers.

Oculomotor behaviour changes in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are a promising source of prodromal disease markers. Capitalizing on this phenomenon to facilitate early diagnosis requires oculomotor assessment in prodromal cohorts. We examined oculomotor behaviour in non-manifesting LRRK2 G2019S mutation carriers (LRRK2-NM), who have heightened PD risk.

Strengthened d-p Orbital Hybridization on Metastable Cubic MoC for Highly Stable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Suppressing the lithium polysulfide (LiPS) shuttling as well as accelerating the conversion kinetics is extremely crucial yet challenging in designing sulfur hosts for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Phase engineering of nanomaterials is an intriguing approach for tuning the electronic structure toward regulating phase-dependent physicochemical properties. In this study, a metastable phase δ-MoC catalyst was elaborately synthesized via a boron doping strategy, which exhibited a phase transfer from hexagonal to cubic structure.

Accurate Intramyocardial Hemorrhage Assessment with Fast, Free-running, Cardiac Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.

Purpose To evaluate the performance of a high-dynamic-range quantitative susceptibility mapping (HDR-QSM) cardiac MRI technique to detect intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) and quantify iron content using phantom and canine models. Materials and Methods A free-running whole-heart HDR-QSM technique for IMH assessment was developed and evaluated in calibrated iron phantoms and 14 IMH female canine models. IMH detection and iron content quantification performance of this technique was compared with the conventional iron imaging approaches, R2*(1/T2*) maps, using measurements from ex vivo imaging as the reference standard.

Engineering d-p Orbital Hybridization in a Single-Atom-Based Solid-State Electrolyte for Lithium-Metal Batteries.

Regulating lithium salt dissociation kinetics by enhancing the interaction between inorganic fillers and lithium salts is vital for enhancing the ionic conductivity in solid-state composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs). However, the influence of fillers' external electronic environments on lithium salt dissociation dynamics remains unclear. Here, we design single-atom sites in metal-organic framework fillers for poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based CPEs, boosting lithium salt dissociation through an electrocatalytic strategy.

Comparison of the Visual Outcomes and Optical Quality of Small Incision Lenticule Extraction and Toric Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation to Correct High Astigmatism.

Purpose: To compare 6-month visual outcomes and optical quality after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and toric Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) (STAAR Surgical Company) implantation for high myopia astigmatism.

Methods: This was a prospective non-randomized study. Overall, 88 eyes of 88 patients with high astigmatism (≥ 2.

Comparison of the smiley face rod method versus intervertebral fusion for the treatment of L5 spondylolysis in adults.

Purpose: For patients who suffered from L5 spondylolysis and fail to improve using conservative treatment, the best surgical strategy remains controversial. This study compares the efficacy of the treatment of L5 spondylolysis using the smiley face rod (SFR) method versus intervertebral fusion (IF).

Methods: We analyzed 38 patients with L5 spondylolysis who underwent surgery in our department between January 2017 and June 2019.

Care to Explain? AI Explanation Types Differentially Impact Chest Radiograph Diagnostic Performance and Physician Trust in AI.

Background It is unclear whether artificial intelligence (AI) explanations help or hurt radiologists and other physicians in AI-assisted radiologic diagnostic decision-making. Purpose To test whether the type of AI explanation and the correctness and confidence level of AI advice impact physician diagnostic performance, perception of AI advice usefulness, and trust in AI advice for chest radiograph diagnosis. Materials and Methods A multicenter, prospective randomized study was conducted from April 2022 to September 2022.

Origin of the High Catalytic Activity of MoS in Na-S Batteries: Electrochemically Reconstructed Mo Single Atoms.

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries with high energy density and low cost are considered promising next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems. However, their practical feasibility is seriously impeded by the shuttle effect of sodium polysulfide (NaPSs) resulting from the sluggish reaction kinetics. Introducing a suitable catalyst to accelerate conversion of NaPSs is the most used strategy to inhibit the shuttle effect.

Integration of Electrical Properties and Polarization Loss Modulation on Atomic Fe-N-RGO for Boosting Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Developing effective strategies to regulate graphene's conduction loss and polarization has become a key to expanding its application in the electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) field. Based on the unique energy band structure of graphene, regulating its bandgap and electrical properties by introducing heteroatoms is considered a feasible solution. Herein, metal-nitrogen doping reduced graphene oxide (M-N-RGO) was prepared by embedding a series of single metal atoms M-N sites (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Nb, Cd, and Sn) in RGO using an N-coordination atom-assisted strategy.

Colocalization of Cancer-Associated Biomarkers on Single Extracellular Vesicles for Early Detection of Cancer.

Detection of cancer early, when it is most treatable, remains a significant challenge because of the lack of diagnostic methods sufficiently sensitive to detect nascent tumors. Early-stage tumors are small relative to their tissue of origin, heterogeneous, and infrequently manifest in clinical symptoms. The detection of early-stage tumors is challenging given the lack of tumor-specific indicators (ie, protein biomarkers, circulating tumor DNA) to enable detection using a noninvasive diagnostic assay.

Dynamic patterns of particulate matter concentration and size distribution in urban street canyons: insights into diurnal and short-term seasonal variations.

Time-varying characteristics of particulate matter (PM) pollution play a crucial role in shaping atmospheric dynamics, which impact the health and welfare of urban commuters. Previously published studies on the diurnal patterns of PMs are not consistent, especially in the context of field experiments in central China, and most field studies have only focused on particles with a single particle size. This study conducted regional-scale studies across 72 street canyon sets in Wuhan, China, investigated diurnal and seasonal PM concentration variations while also evaluating various PM size and the key driving factors.

Adjuvant Pembrolizumab versus Observation in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: Muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma is an aggressive disease with high rates of relapse. Whether pembrolizumab as adjuvant therapy would be effective in patients with high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma after radical surgery is unknown.

Methods: In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive pembrolizumab at a dose of 200 mg every 3 weeks for 1 year or to undergo observation.

[Psychological nursing contributes to the prognosis of the male patients with urethral riding injury treated by ureteroscopic urethral catheter implantation].

Unlabelled: Objective： To explore the effect of psychological nursing on the prognosis of male patients with urethral riding injury treated by ureteroscopic urethral catheter implantation (UCI).

Methods: This study included 63 male patients with urethral straddle injury treated in the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command from February 2020 to March 2023. We divided the patients into a control (n = 29) and an experimental group (n = 34) according to the odd- or even-numbered days of admission and treated them by ureteroscopic UCI.