Publications by authors named "D-L Jiang"

Background: Approximately half of the patients with acute ischemic stroke who receive intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) do not achieve an excellent outcome. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) as a promising neuroprotective treatment may improve clinical outcomes in this population. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of RIC in patients with IVT.

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Background: Cervical cancer is associated with persistent infection of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Prophylactic HPV vaccines have been recommended and have significant efficacy in preventing cervical cancer. Multivalent HPV vaccines have a better preventative effect on HPV-related diseases.

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Germline inactivating mutations of the SLC25A1 gene contribute to various human disorders, including Velocardiofacial (VCFS), DiGeorge (DGS) syndromes and combined D/L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (D/L-2HGA), a severe systemic disease characterized by the accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid (2HG). The mechanisms by which SLC25A1 loss leads to these syndromes remain largely unclear. Here, we describe a mouse model of SLC25A1 deficiency that mimics human VCFS/DGS and D/L-2HGA.

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Background: Currently, validated biomarkers for assessing hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) are lacking. We aimed to validate a test combining GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and UCH-L1 (ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1) to indicate the absence of HT after IVT.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with stroke treated with IVT from 16 hospitals.

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Sodium oligomannate (GV-971), an oligosaccharide drug approved in China for treating mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), was previously found to recondition the gut microbiota and limit altered peripheral Th1 immunity in AD transgenic mice. As a follow-up study, we here made advances by pinpointing a Lactobacillus murinus (L.m.

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  • Chiral phenylalanine derivatives are crucial for making peptides and drugs, with D/L-3-pyridyl- and phenylalanine showing broad application in drug synthesis.
  • The article details two synthetic methods: the Erlenmeyer-Plöchl route starting with N-acetylglycine and an alkylation route using diethyl acetamidomalonate.
  • A key process involves using Protamex proteinase to effectively separate N-acetamido-alanine esters, achieving over 99% purity for the enantiomeric products.
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  • Tibial bone tunnel widening (TW) is a common issue after ACL reconstruction, prompting a study on the effectiveness of two bioabsorbable interference screws—mPLA/HA and PLGA/β-TCP—in preventing this problem.
  • The study involved testing the screws' physical, biomechanical, and osteoinductive properties, along with their performance in a canine model where 48 beagle dogs underwent ACL reconstruction using either screw type.
  • Results showed that the mPLA/HA screw outperformed the PLGA/β-TCP screw in terms of strength, degradation behavior, and bone integration, leading to significantly less TW at the screw body after 6 and 12 months.
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  • The study focuses on analyzing cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to determine its tissue origin, which is important for research and diagnostics, utilizing a new technique called FRAGHA that looks at fragmentation patterns linked to histone modifications.
  • The research demonstrated strong correlations between specific histone modification signals, such as H3K27ac, and various medical conditions, including fetal DNA presence in maternal plasma and liver cancer detection.
  • Machine learning algorithms were employed to improve early detection of liver cancer, showcasing how cfDNA fragmentomics can enhance the effectiveness of liquid biopsies in clinical settings.
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Introduction: Risk of gastric and small intestinal cancer in Lynch syndrome (LS) remains poorly understood. We investigated the risk of gastric and small intestinal cancer in patients with LS in a large, community-based population.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all patients diagnosed with LS between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2020, at Kaiser Permanente Northern California.

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Antifolates are important for chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). They mainly rely on reduced folate carrier (RFC) and proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT) to enter cells. PCFT is supposed to be the dominant transporter of the two in tumors, as it operates optimally at acidic pH and has limited transport activity at physiological pH, whereas RFC operates optimally at neutral pH.

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Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness and maintenance of perceptional learning (PL) on vision improvement in keratoconus (KC) patients corrected with spectacles.

Design: Randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

Methods: Non-progressive KC patients 9 years of age or older who had best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 0 to 1.

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  • - The diagnosis of congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is challenging due to a lack of scalable genetic testing, low prevalence, and normal QT intervals in patients with risky genotypes.
  • - Researchers developed a deep learning model that combines ECG waveform data and electronic health records to identify patients with harmful genetic variants indicating LQTS.
  • - After training on UK Biobank data and refining the model with diverse cohorts, the approach achieved good accuracy in distinguishing individuals with pathogenic mutations, showing potential for better patient prioritization in clinical settings.
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  • Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate among gynecological cancers, partly due to an immunosuppressive environment and a lack of effective vaccine antigens.
  • Chemotherapy can create chemotherapy-associated antigens (CAAs) that act as in situ vaccines, triggering the immune response.
  • The study developed a nano-vaccine (NP-TP1@M-M) using tumor-targeting peptides and dendritic cell receptors to enhance antigen capture and improve immune activation, aiming to offer a new treatment strategy for OC.
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The tissues of origin of plasma DNA can be revealed by methylation patterns. However, the relative DNA contributions from megakaryocytes and erythroblasts into plasma appeared inconsistent among studies. To shed light into this phenomenon, we developed droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays for the differential detection of contributions from these cell types in plasma based on megakaryocyte-specific and erythroblast-specific methylation markers.

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N-doped TiO/carbon composites (N-TiPC) have shown excellent photodegradation performances to the organic contaminants but are limited by the multistage preparation (i.e., preparation of porous carbon, preparation of N-doped TiO, and loading of N-doped TiO on porous carbon).

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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the deaths of millions of people and severe global economic impacts. Small molecule therapeutics have played an important role in the fight against SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, but their efficacy has been limited in scope and availability, with many people unable to access their benefits, and better options are needed. EDP-235 is specifically designed to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, with potent nanomolar activity against all SARS-CoV-2 variants to date, as well as clinically relevant human and zoonotic coronaviruses.

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Terpenoids of substantial industrial interest are mainly obtained through direct extraction from plant sources. Recently, microbial cell factories or in vitro enzymatic biosystems have emerged as promising alternatives for terpenoid production. Here, we report a route for the synthesis of α-farnesene based on an in vitro enzyme cascade reaction using methanol as an inexpensive and renewable C1 substrate.

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The Yunshang black goat is a renowned mutton specialist breed mainly originating from China that has excellent breeding ability with varying litter sizes. Litter size is an important factor in the economics of goat farming. However, ruminal microbiome structure might be directly or indirectly regulated by pregnancy-associated factors, including litter sizes.

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Transparent photovoltaic (TPV) devices have great potential to be applied as smart windows in construction and agriculture fields. TPVs with an average visible transmission (AVT) exceeding 50% are among the strong candidates to build lighting windows since the champion efficiency has already exceeded 10%. However, it is still a challenge in TPVs that semiconductors are generally expensive and transparency is difficult to further enhance, particularly for device AVT exceeding 70%.

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Diabetes is a complex metabolic disease and islet transplantation is a promising approach for the treatment of diabetes. Unfortunately, the transplanted islets at the subcutaneous site are also affected by various adverse factors such as poor vascularization and hypoxia. In this study, we utilize biocompatible copolymers l-lactide and D,l-lactide to manufacture a biomaterial scaffold with a mesh-like structure via 3D printing technology, providing a material foundation for encapsulating pancreatic islet cells.

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  • Myocardial fibers surrounding right cardiac veins (RCVs) and their role in accessory pathways (APs) have been under-researched, leading to a study of six cases identified from a larger patient group.
  • Using advanced mapping techniques, the researchers categorized the venography of RCVs into three patterns, which correlated with specific ECG characteristics.
  • The study found that APs could be effectively treated, with no recurrences during follow-up, highlighting the unique features of RCV-APs and their distant atrial insertions.
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  • The oxidative phosphorylation system in mitochondria is crucial for converting energy from food and can adapt its metabolism based on the body's needs or diseases.
  • Oral treatment with an inhibitor of mitochondrial transcription (IMT) shifts metabolism in male mice towards burning fatty acids, leading to reduced body weight and improved liver and glucose health on a high-fat diet.
  • The treatment causes a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation but increases fatty acid oxidation in the liver, suggesting a potential drug strategy for obesity and related health issues.
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  • A phase 3 trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mavorixafor, an oral medication, in individuals with WHIM syndrome, a rare immunodeficiency disorder caused by genetic mutations.
  • Participants were randomly assigned to receive either mavorixafor or a placebo for 52 weeks, with the study focusing on the time above certain white blood cell counts as the primary endpoint.
  • Results showed mavorixafor significantly increased white blood cell counts, reduced infection rates and severity, and was well tolerated without serious adverse events occurring during the study.
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In this issue of Cell Chemical Biology, Rodencal et al. report that cell-cycle arrest by p53 stabilizers or CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) can lead to phospholipid remodeling and hence sensitize cancer cells to GPX4 inhibitor (GPX4i)-triggered ferroptosis. This study suggests a novel cancer therapeutic strategy combining CDK4/6i with GPX4i.

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Background: The relationship between placental pathology and the maternal syndrome of preeclampsia is incompletely characterized. Mismatch between placental nutrient supply and fetal demands induces stress in the syncytiotrophoblast, the layer of placenta in direct contact with maternal blood. Such stress alters the content and increases the release of syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles (STB-EVs) into the maternal circulation.

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