Evaluating the Factors Influencing Residency Match for Surgical Specialty Applicants and Programs: Challenges and Future Directions.

Introduction: We aim to evaluate the impact of recent changes in the residency matching process on surgical specialties' applicants and programs to offer recommendations on residency selection and matching processes.

Methods: We utilized five databases while employing a Boolean query to search for studies from 2015 to March 2024. The search selection focused on factors and recent changes influencing residency match results across surgical specialties, including USMLE Step 1 pass/fail, research productivity, interview structure, and preference and geographic signaling.

Impact of Trauma Center Type on Outcomes in Pediatric Population Following Severe Isolated Blunt Traumatic Brain Injuries: A National Analysis.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the association between trauma center type, verification level, and clinical outcomes in pediatric trauma patients with moderate and severe isolated blunt traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study utilizing the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Trauma Quality Program (TQP) Participant Use File (PUF) database from 2017 to 2021. Severely injured pediatric (<18 years) trauma patients with isolated moderate and severe TBI (AIS head >2, all other body regions <3) were included.

National Analysis of Outcomes for Adult Trauma Patients With Isolated Severe Blunt Traumatic Brain Injury Following Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis.

Introduction: We aim to evaluate the association of early versus late venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis on in-hospital mortality among patients with severe blunt isolated traumatic brain injuries.

Methods: Data from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Program Participant Use File for 2017-2021 were analyzed. The target population included adult trauma patients with severe isolated traumatic brain injury (TBI).

A Narrative Review Investigating Practices and Disparities in Child Abuse Amongst United States Pediatric Trauma Patients & Associated Outcomes.

Introduction: Although non-accidental trauma continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children in the United States, the underlying factors leading to NAT are not well characterized. We aim to review reporting practices, clinical outcomes, and associated disparities among pediatric trauma patients experiencing NAT.

Methods: A literature search utilizing PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, ProQuest, and Cochrane was conducted from database inception until April 6, 2023.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Trauma-Informed Care Frameworks in Provider Education and the Care of Traumatized Patients.

Introduction: Trauma-informed care (TIC) spans many different health care fields and is essential in promoting the well-being and recovery of traumatized individuals. This review aims to assess the efficacy of TIC frameworks in both educating providers and enhancing care for adult and pediatric patients.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Proquest, Cochrane, and Google Scholar to identify relevant articles up to September 28, 2023.

Evaluating Mortality Outcomes, Transfusion Characteristics, and Risk Factors Associated With Cirrhotic Trauma Patients Undergoing Emergency Laparotomy Versus Non-Operative Management: A National Analysis.

Background: Patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) demonstrate significantly elevated mortality rates following a traumatic event. This study aims to examine and compare the clinical outcomes in adult trauma patients with pre-existing LC undergoing laparotomy or non-operative management (NOM). Additionally, the study aims to investigate various patient outcomes, including mortality rate based on transfusion needs and timing.

Evaluating the effectiveness and outcomes associated with direct peritoneal resuscitation in damage control surgery patients with and without hemorrhagic shock.

Introduction: This narrative review aims to evaluate the efficacy of adjunct direct peritoneal resuscitation (DPR) in the treatment of adult damage control surgery (DCS) patients both with and without hemorrhagic shock, and its impact on associated outcomes.

Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, ProQuest, and Cochrane were searched for relevant articles published through April 13th, 2023. Studies assessing the utilization of DPR in adult DCS patients were included.

Practices of Adult Spine Immobilization During Trauma Resuscitation: Proposal for Improved Guidelines.

Introduction: This narrative review aims to evaluate the impact of current spinal immobilization practices on clinical outcomes in adult trauma patients with suspected or confirmed spinal injury to direct the creation of improved practice management guidelines.

Methods: PubMed, ProQuest, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane were searched for studies that evaluated the impact of spine immobilization practices during resuscitation in adult trauma patients and reported associated clinical outcomes. Outcomes included neurological deficits, in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay (HLOS), ICU length of stay (ICU-LOS), discharge disposition, long-term functional status (modified Rankin scale), vascular injury rate, and respiratory injury rate.

Clinical Surveillance vs Anticoagulation Therapy for Isolated Subsegmental Pulmonary Embolism: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes.

Background: This systematic review aims to evaluate and compare differences in clinical outcomes for adult patients diagnosed with ISSPE who were managed with anticoagulation vs clinical surveillance.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were searched to identify studies evaluating the use of anticoagulation and/or clinical surveillance in patients diagnosed with ISSPE. The search included studies published up to August 3, 2023.

Racial Distribution and Associated Outcomes for Patients With and Without Severe-Isolated Traumatic Brain Injuries Following Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis.

Introduction: Disparities in venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence and prophylaxis have been observed across racial groups. This study investigates the relationship between race, injury type, and the timing of VTE prophylaxis in severe trauma patients, both with and without isolated traumatic brain injuries. The primary goal is to analyze how these factors interact and their potential impact on clinical outcomes.

Assessing Effectiveness and Efficiency of Need for Trauma Intervention (NFTI) and Modified NFTI in Identifying Overtriage and Undertriage Rates and Associated Outcomes.

Introduction: Limited research has assessed the effectiveness of Need for Trauma Intervention (NFTI) and Modified NFTI (MNFTI) criteria in accurately identifying triage rates in major trauma. We aim to evaluate the predictive capability of NFTI/MNFTI in determining rates of overtriage and undertriage, as well as associated outcomes.

Methods: A literature search was conducted utilizing PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, ProQuest, and Cochrane from conception to April 13th, 2023.

Telehealth Utilization in Trauma Care: The Effects on Emergency Department Length of Stay and Associated Outcomes.

Introduction: Since the onset of the Covid-19 Pandemic, Telehealth utilization has grown rapidly; however, little is known about its efficacy in specific areas of healthcare, including trauma care in the emergency department. We aim to evaluate telehealth utilization in the care of adult trauma patients within United States emergency departments and associated outcomes over the past decade.

Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, ProQuest, and Cochrane were searched for relevant articles published from database conception to Dec 12th, 2022.