Abolishing UCHL1's hydrolase activity exacerbates ischemia-induced axonal injury and functional deficits in mice.

Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is a neuronal protein important in maintaining axonal integrity and motor function and may be important in the pathogenesis of many neurological disorders. UCHL1 may ameliorate acute injury and improve recovery after cerebral ischemia. In the current study, the hypothesis that UCHL1's hydrolase activity underlies its effect in maintaining axonal integrity and function is tested after ischemic injury.

Systemic treatment with ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase L1 TAT protein ameliorates axonal injury and reduces functional deficits after traumatic brain injury in mice.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often associated with axonal injury that leads to significant motor and cognitive deficits. Ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is highly expressed in neurons and loss of its activity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of TBI. Fusion protein was constructed containing wild type (WT) UCHL1 and the HIV trans-activator of transcription capsid protein transduction domain (TAT-UCHL1) that facilitates transport of the protein into neurons after systemic administration.

Unidirectional Double- and Triple-Hydrogen Rearrangement Reactions Probed by Infrared Ion Spectroscopy.

Unidirectional double-hydrogen (2H) and triple-hydrogen (3H) rearrangement reactions occur upon electron-ionization-induced fragmentation of -2-(4-,-dimethylaminobenzyl)-1-indanol (), -2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1-indanol (), 4-(4-,-dimethylaminophenyl)-2-butanol (), and related compounds, as reported some 35 years ago (Kuck, D.; Filges, U. , , 643-653).

Historically Underrepresented Graduate Students' Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of historically underrepresented graduate students, more than half of whom were enrolled in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This focus group study represents an initial stage in developing an intervention for historically underrepresented graduate students and their families.

Background: Underrepresentation of graduate students of color in STEM has been attributed to a myriad of factors, including a lack of support systems.

Taxonomic Sampling and Rare Genomic Changes Overcome Long-Branch Attraction in the Phylogenetic Placement of Pseudoscorpions.

Long-branch attraction is a systematic artifact that results in erroneous groupings of fast-evolving taxa. The combination of short, deep internodes in tandem with long-branch attraction artifacts has produced empirically intractable parts of the Tree of Life. One such group is the arthropod subphylum Chelicerata, whose backbone phylogeny has remained unstable despite improvements in phylogenetic methods and genome-scale data sets.