Large loop excision of transformation zone and cervical length in the prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery.

Objectives: To investigate the association between previous large loop excision of transformation zone (LLETZ) and risk for subsequent spontaneous preterm delivery (sPD) and whether this effect is reflected in the measurement of cervical length at mid-gestation.

Design And Setting: A secondary analysis of data from women recruited for clinical trials of interventions to prevent preterm labour.

Population: A total of 26,867 women with singleton pregnancies attending for routine antenatal care.

Cervical screening in under 25s: a high-risk young population.

Objective: The changes to the UK NHS cervical screening programme launched in April 2004 recommend that the first cytological screening should be undertaken at the age of 25 years rather than at 20 years. This study analyses Papanicolaou smear diagnoses of women under 25 years in Lewisham Borough of London to determine the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in this age group. There are concerns that delaying the onset of cervical screening in this population may increase the risk of cervical cancer.

Low dose 25 mg oestradiol implants and 1 mg norethisterone as continuous combined hormone therapy: a prospective study.

The anxiety regarding no-bleed regimens is that breakthrough bleeding and endometrial hyperplasia may occur. We aimed to demonstrate that 25 mg oestradiol implants can be adequately opposed by a low dose of progestogen protecting against osteoporosis. Twenty-two patients were recruited to the study.