Effectiveness and Safety of Adalimumab in Patients With Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Study on Behalf of the Porto Inflammatory Bowel Disease Working Group of European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition.

Background And Aims: Patients with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD), with an age of onset < 6 years, can present with severe manifestations and may require biologic therapy. Infliximab and adalimumab are approved for induction and maintenance in pediatric IBD patients but are licensed only above the age of 6 years. Effectiveness and safety data on adalimumab in this patient population are lacking.

Upadacitinib for Induction of Remission in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis: An International Multi‑center Study.

Background And Aims: Data on upadacitinib therapy in children with ulcerative colitis (UC) or unclassified inflammatory bowel disease (IBD-U) are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of upadacitinib as an induction therapy in pediatric UC or IBD-U.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, children treated with upadacitinib for induction of remission of active UC or IBD-U from 30 centers worldwide were enrolled.

Serological Markers as Predictors of Anti-TNF Response in Children with Crohn's Disease.

Background: To advance personalized medicine in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD), we aimed to explore the utility of serological biomarkers in predicting response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF).

Methods: Children with CD were enrolled at initiation of anti-TNF and followed prospectively at 4 and 12 months thereafter, as well as at last follow-up. At baseline, 10 serological markers of the "PROMETHEUS® IBD sgi Diagnostic test" were measured, including pANCA, ASCA IgG and IgA, anti-CBir1, anti-OmpC, anti-A4-Fla2, anti-Fla-X, SAA, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.

Augmented Reality-Guided Mastoidectomy Simulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing Surgical Proficiency.

Objective: Mastoidectomy surgical training is challenging due to the complex nature of the anatomical structures involved. Traditional training methods based on direct patient care and cadaveric temporal bone training have practical shortcomings. 3D-printed temporal bone models and augmented reality (AR) have emerged as promising solutions, particularly for mastoidectomy surgery, which demands an understanding of intricate anatomical structures.