Innovative techniques for combating a common enemy forever chemicals: A comprehensive approach to mitigating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination.

The pervasive presence of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly referred to as "forever chemicals," in water systems poses a significant threat to both the environment and public health. PFAS are persistent organic pollutants that are incredibly resistant to degradation and have a tendency to accumulate in the environment, resulting in long-term contamination issues. This comprehensive review delves into the primary impacts of PFAS on both the environment and human health while also delving into advanced techniques aimed at addressing these concerns.

Electrode Materials for Enhancing the Performance and Cycling Stability of Zinc Iodide Flow Batteries at High Current Densities.

Aqueous redox flow battery systems that use a zinc negative electrode have a relatively high energy density. However, high current densities can lead to zinc dendrite growth and electrode polarization, which limit the battery's high power density and cyclability. In this study, a perforated copper foil with a high electrical conductivity was used on the negative side, combined with an electrocatalyst on the positive electrode in a zinc iodide flow battery.

Influence of Flow Field Design on Zinc Deposition and Performance in a Zinc-Iodide Flow Battery.

Among the aqueous redox flow battery systems, redox chemistries using a zinc negative electrode have a relatively high energy density, but the potential of achieving high power density and long cycle life is hindered by dendrite growth at the anode. In this study, a new cell design with a narrow gap between electrode and membrane was applied in a zinc-iodide flow battery. In this design, some of the electrolyte flows over the electrode surface and a fraction of the flow passes through the porous felt electrode in the direction of current flow.

Ex-situ nitrogen-doped porous carbons as electrode materials for high performance supercapacitor.

Nitrogen (N) doping of porous carbon materials is an effective strategy for enhancing the electrochemical performance of electrode materials. Herein, we report on ex-situ (post) nitrogen-doped porous carbons prepared using a biomass waste, peanut shell (PS) as a carbon source and melamine as the nitrogen source. The synthesis method involved a two-step mechanism, initial chemical activation of the PS using KOH and post N-doping of the activated carbon.

Effect of porosity enhancing agents on the electrochemical performance of high-energy ultracapacitor electrodes derived from peanut shell waste.

In this study, the synthesis of porous activated carbon nanostructures from peanut (Arachis hypogea) shell waste (PSW) was described using different porosity enhancing agents (PEA) at various mass concentrations via a two-step process. The textural properties obtained were depicted with relatively high specific surface area values of 1457 m g, 1625 m g and 2547 m g for KHCO KCO and KOH respectively at a mass concentration of 1 to 4 which were complemented by the presence of a blend of micropores, mesopores and macropores. The structural analyses confirmed the successful transformation of the carbon-containing waste into an amorphous and disordered carbonaceous material.