Mitochondria-Associated Degradation Pathway (MAD) Function beyond the Outer Membrane.

The mitochondria-associated degradation pathway (MAD) mediates ubiquitination and degradation of mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) proteins by the proteasome. We find that the MAD, but not other quality-control pathways including macroautophagy, mitophagy, or mitochondrial chaperones and proteases, is critical for yeast cellular fitness under conditions of paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in mitochondria. Specifically, inhibition of the MAD increases PQ-induced defects in growth and mitochondrial quality and decreases chronological lifespan.

ACVR1R206H receptor mutation causes fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva by imparting responsiveness to activin A.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by episodically exuberant heterotopic ossification (HO), whereby skeletal muscle is abnormally converted into misplaced, but histologically normal bone. This HO leads to progressive immobility with catastrophic consequences, including death by asphyxiation. FOP results from mutations in the intracellular domain of the type I BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) receptor ACVR1; the most common mutation alters arginine 206 to histidine (ACVR1(R206H)) and has been thought to drive inappropriate bone formation as a result of receptor hyperactivity.

Aim44p regulates phosphorylation of Hof1p to promote contractile ring closure during cytokinesis in budding yeast.

Whereas actomyosin and septin ring organization and function in cytokinesis are thoroughly described, little is known regarding the mechanisms by which the actomyosin ring interacts with septins and associated proteins to coordinate cell division. Here we show that the protein product of YPL158C, Aim44p, undergoes septin-dependent recruitment to the site of cell division. Aim44p colocalizes with Myo1p, the type II myosin of the contractile ring, throughout most of the cell cycle.

[The abdominal emergency after heart surgery interventions].

In 4726 patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in a 5-year period 15 major acute abdominal complications (0.3%) occurred, with an overall mortality rate of 47%--compared with a mortality rate of 3.2% for all patients undergoing heart surgery (p < 0.