Does tranexamic acid reduce blood loss for children undergoing reconstruction for neuromuscular hip dysplasia? A matched comparative study.

Treatment for neuromuscular hip dysplasia (NMHD) typically involves osteotomies of the proximal femur and/or pelvis, and the potential for significant volume blood loss is high. Tranexamic acid (TXA) functions as an antifibinolytic and has been shown to reduce bleeding in many operative settings. Retrospective evidence for the use of TXA in children undergoing NMHD reconstruction is inconclusive, and to our knowledge, prospective evaluation has never been performed.

Mitigating Crouch Gait With an Autonomous Pediatric Knee Exoskeleton in the Neurologically Impaired.

Crouch gait is one of the most common compensatory walking patterns found in individuals with neurological disorders, often accompanied by their limited physical capacity. Notable kinematic characteristics of crouch gait are excessive knee flexion during stance and reduced range of motion during swing. Knee exoskeletons have the potential to improve crouch gait by providing precisely controlled torque assistance directly to the knee joint.

Hindfoot flexibility assessment of cavovarus and planovalgus feet by modified Shriners Hospitals for Children - Greenville (mSHCG) foot model.

Background: Multi-segment foot models have been used to quantify foot kinematics during walking. However, walking kinematics is not sufficient to assess hindfoot flexibility (available range of hindfoot varus-valgus motion). The modified Shriners Hospitals for Children - Greenville (mSHCG) foot model has been used to quantify hindfoot flexibility with Coleman block test (peak hindfoot valgus) and Root test (peak hindfoot varus).

Functional Independence of Children With Arthrogryposis.

Background: Arthrogryposis (AMC) is a descriptive term to characterize a child born with multiple joint contractures. Treatment aims to improve functional independence, yet the literature objectively describing functional independence in this population is scarce. This study aimed to describe the functional independence of children with AMC through the lens of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) and observational activities of daily living (ADL) tasks.

Great Toe Interphalangeal Fusion for Hallux Valgus Interphalangeus Deformity in Young Patients.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to examine indications, radiographic outcomes, and clinical complications for primary arthrodesis of the great toe interphalangeal (IP) joint in young patients.

Background: Hallux valgus interphalangeus deformity of the great toe is uncommon in the pediatric population and often requires fusion of the IP joint.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients, ages 8 to 19 years, who underwent operative fusion of the great toe IP joint, and had >1 year radiographic follow-up was performed.