Square pegs in round holes: How do pediatric emergency medicine fellowship program directors fit graduates of emergency medicine residencies into their programs?

Objective: Pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellowship directors can interview candidates from either pediatric or EM residency programs. Currently, most candidates are pediatricians; however, because emergency physicians have attributes that could benefit PEM, our goal was to investigate facilitators and barriers to training more of them to become PEM physicians.

Methods: We surveyed U.

Resilient plants, sustainable future.

The accelerated pace of climate change over the past several years should serve as a wake-up call for all scientists, farmers, and decision makers, as it severely threatens our food supply and could result in famine, migration, war, and an overall destabilization of our society. Rapid and significant changes are therefore needed in the way we conduct research on plant resilience, develop new crop varieties, and cultivate those crops in our agricultural systems. Here, we describe the main bottlenecks for these processes and outline a set of key recommendations on how to accelerate research in this critical area for our society.

Systematic Review of Integration Strategies Across the US Healthcare System: Assessment of Price, Cost, and Quality of Care.

Background: In the last 30 years, consolidation of healthcare systems in the United States has accelerated through mergers and acquisitions. We completed a systematic literature review on integration to determine if its reputation for enhancing the value of healthcare by reducing price and cost/spending and improving overall quality of care is justified.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was completed for articles published in the United States from 1990-2024.

Rubisco activity and activation state dictate photorespiratory plasticity in Betula papyrifera acclimated to future climate conditions.

Plant metabolism faces a challenge of investing enough enzymatic capacity to a pathway without overinvestment. As it takes energy and resources to build, operate, and maintain enzymes, there are benefits and drawbacks to accurately matching capacity to the pathway influx. The relationship between functional capacity and physiological load could be explained through symmorphosis, which would quantitatively match enzymatic capacity to pathway influx.