Antibody-mediated clearance of an ER-resident aggregate that causes glaucoma.

Recombinant antibodies are a promising class of therapeutics to treat protein misfolding associated with neurodegenerative diseases, and several antibodies that inhibit aggregation are approved or in clinical trials to treat Alzheimer's disease. Here, we developed antibodies targeting the aggregation-prone β-propeller olfactomedin (OLF) domain of myocilin, variants of which comprise the strongest genetic link to glaucoma and cause early onset vision loss for several million individuals worldwide. Mutant myocilin aggregates intracellularly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

Consensus Recommendations for Studies of Outflow Facility and Intraocular Pressure Regulation Using Ex Vivo Perfusion Approaches.

Intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation is the primary risk factor and currently the main treatable factor for progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. In addition to direct clinical and living animal in vivo studies, ex vivo perfusion of anterior segments and whole eyes is a key technique for studying conventional outflow function as it is responsible for IOP regulation. We present well-tested experimental details, protocols, considerations, advantages, and limitations of several ex vivo model systems for studying IOP regulation.

Building Trust and Trustworthiness in Public Institutions: Essential Elements in Placing Trust at the Heart of Health Policy and Systems Comment on "Placing Trust at the Heart of Health Policy and Systems".

In this commentary, I argue that societies are facing major crises in trust that extends well beyond health systems, outlining actions that can enhance trust in public institutions and benefit health systems. There are also areas where strengthening health systems can serve to build broader trust and social cohesion, such as by providing social protection and health services that are responsive to people's needs. Understanding the dimensions of "trustworthiness" for different actors in a health system also provide insights on how to build, restore, and maintain trust.