Evolution of the extracranial approach for repair of CSF leaks: review of the literature and clinical cases.

The management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea changed with the advent of endoscopes in the early 1990s. The majority of repairs are now approached endoscopically, i.e.

Frontal sinus fractures: anterior skull base.

The frontal sinus is fractured in 30% of patients sustaining maxillofacial injury. The CT scan has simplified the treatment plan allowing the surgeon to be more selective in the treatment choice, surgical approach, and follow-up. Fractures may involve the anterior, posterior, or both tables of the sinus.

Randomized trial addressing risk features and time factors of surgery plus radiotherapy in advanced head-and-neck cancer.

Purpose: A multi-institutional, prospective, randomized trial was undertaken in patients with advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma to address (1) the validity of using pathologic risk features, established from a previous study, to determine the need for, and dose of, postoperative radiotherapy (PORT); (2) the impact of accelerating PORT using a concomitant boost schedule; and (3) the importance of the overall combined treatment duration on the treatment outcome.

Methods And Materials: Of 288 consecutive patients with advanced disease registered preoperatively, 213 fulfilled the trial criteria and went on to receive therapy predicated on a set of pathologic risk features: no PORT for the low-risk group (n = 31); 57.6 Gy during 6.