Bioactivation, Mutagenicity, DNA Damage, and Oxidative Stress Induced by 3,4-Dimethylaniline.

3,4-Dimethylaniline (3,4-DMA) is present in cigarette smoke and widely used as an intermediate in dyes, drugs, and pesticides. Nucleotide excision repair-deficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably transfected with human CYP1A2 and N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) alleles: (reference allele) or (the most common variant allele) were utilized to assess 3,4-DMA -acetylation and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) mutations, double-strand DNA breaks and reactive oxygen species (ROS). CHO cells expressing exhibited significantly ( < 0.

Benchmarks of Success in Radiotherapy versus Systemic Therapy National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) Randomized Controlled Trials Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI).

Background: The National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) is the largest government sponsored organization in the United States tasked with funding randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in oncology. It is unknown whether there are differences in study design by treatment modality. We evaluated differences in methodology between trials testing radiotherapy versus systemic therapy.

Deep learning estimation of proton stopping power with photon-counting computed tomography: a virtual study.

Purpose: Proton radiation therapy may achieve precise dose delivery to the tumor while sparing non-cancerous surrounding tissue, owing to the distinct Bragg peaks of protons. Aligning the high-dose region with the tumor requires accurate estimates of the proton stopping power ratio (SPR) of patient tissues, commonly derived from computed tomography (CT) image data. Photon-counting detectors for CT have demonstrated advantages over their energy-integrating counterparts, such as improved quantitative imaging, higher spatial resolution, and filtering of electronic noise.