Deciphering the interplay between biology and physics with a finite element method-implemented vertex organoid model: A tool for the mechanical analysis of cell behavior on a spherical organoid shell.

Understanding the interplay between biology and mechanics in tissue architecture is challenging, particularly in terms of 3D tissue organization. Addressing this challenge requires a biological model enabling observations at multiple levels from cell to tissue, as well as theoretical and computational approaches enabling the generation of a synthetic model that is relevant to the biological model and allowing for investigation of the mechanical stresses experienced by the tissue. Using a monolayer human colon epithelium organoid as a biological model, freely available tools (Fiji, Cellpose, Napari, Morphonet, or Tyssue library), and the commercially available Abaqus FEM solver, we combined vertex and FEM approaches to generate a comprehensive viscoelastic finite element model of the human colon organoid and demonstrated its flexibility.

Human colonic organoids for understanding early events of familial adenomatous polyposis pathogenesis.

Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) harbor mutations in the APC gene and will develop adenoma and early colorectal cancer. There is no validated treatment, and animal models are not sufficient to study FAP. Our aim was to investigate the early events associated with FAP using the intestinal organoid model in a single-center study using biopsies from nonadenomatous and adenomatous colonic mucosa of FAP patients and from healthy controls (HCs).

Efficient and widely tunable mid-infrared sources using GaAs and AlGaAs integrated platforms for second-order frequency conversion.

Integrated coherent mid-infrared (mid-IR) sources are crucial for spectroscopy and quantum frequency conversion (QFC) to facilitate scalable fiber-based application of single photons. Direct mid-IR emission with broad tunability poses fundamental challenges from the gain media and mirror components. This paper presents a characterization of a second-order nonlinear platform.

Early stage Fasciola hepatica infection in growing cattle: impact on weight gain and liver weight determined in flukicide efficacy studies.

Although the negative impact of liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) infection on production and health in cattle is generally accepted, results of individual research have been variable, ranging from important negative impacts on the animal to minimal or no impact. To add information on the impact of F. hepatica infection in growing cattle, weight gain and liver weight of young experimentally infected animals from seven controlled efficacy studies were analyzed.

SARS-CoV-2 live virus culture and sample freeze-thaw stability.

The effect of freeze-thaw on SARS-CoV-2 viral viability is not well established. We isolated virus from 31 split clinical samples cultured fresh or after a 7- or 17/18-day freeze. We found that freeze-thaw did not significantly affect viral culture isolation.