Challenges in estimating the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence rate from a registration cohort: The PrEPVacc trial.

Background: There is increasing recognition that the interpretation of active-controlled HIV prevention trials should consider the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence rate, that is, the rate that would have been observed if the trial had included a placebo control arm. The PrEPVacc HIV vaccine and pre-exposure prophylaxis trial (NCT04066881) incorporated a pre-trial registration cohort partly for this purpose. In this article, we describe our attempts to model the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence rate from the registration cohort.

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Patients with Multiple Myeloma: Experience at a Large, Urban Referral Center.

Background: Although infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with multiple myeloma (MM), the epidemiology of invasive fungal disease (IFD) is less well characterized in this population than in other hematologic malignancies.

Methods: We conducted a nested 3:1 case-control study of IFD at a large MM referral center to identify risk factors for IFD in this population.

Results: In a cohort of 2960 patients, we identified 32 episodes of IFD among 31 patients between 01/2011 and 06/2019.

Assessing whether providing regular, free HIV self-testing kits reduces the time to HIV diagnosis: an internet-based, randomised controlled trial in men who have sex with men.

Background: The risk of onwards HIV transmission is strongly influenced by the interval between HIV infection and its diagnosis. The SELPHI trial examined whether this interval could be reduced by offering free HIV self-testing kits to men-who-have-sex with-men (MSM).

Setting: Internet-based RCT of MSM aged ≥16 years, resident in England/Wales, recruited via sexual and social networking sites.

Survival After Orbital Exenteration for Primary Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Locally advanced periorbital cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) may require orbital exenteration, which is highly morbid. As immunotherapy develops, orbit preservation may become widespread, and data benchmarking survival with current standard-of-care surgery and radiotherapy are essential to the integration of this emerging method into modern treatment paradigms. This study aimed to determine the survival of patients after orbital exenteration for cSCC and investigate contributing factors.

A broad spectrum Shigella vaccine based on VirG multiepitope region produced in a cell-free system.

Dysentery caused by Shigella species remains a major health threat to children in low- and middle-income countries. There is no vaccine available. The most advanced candidates, i.