BK viremia and nephropathy in pediatric renal transplant recipients.

The renal survival rate of pediatric renal transplant recipients (pRTR) has improved with the use of modern immunosuppressive agents; however, the incidence of post-transplantation viral infection has increased. This study investigated the incidence of BK viremia and BK viral-associated nephropathy (BKVAN) in pRTR. One-hundred-and-thirty-four pRTR were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 20, 14.

Tracking environmental norovirus contamination in a pediatric primary immunodeficiency unit.

Norovirus strains were detected in two patients and in environmental swabs from a pediatric primary immunodeficiency unit in London, United Kingdom, during an infection control incident in November and December 2007. Detailed analyses of the gene encoding the P2 domain demonstrated that the majority of the strains were not related to the patients and that the environmental contamination was most likely due to secondary transfer by the hands of staff or visitors.

Endothelial dysfunction and cytomegalovirus replication in pediatric heart transplantation.

Background: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy is the major limiting factor to the long-term success of pediatric heart transplantation. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been shown to be a significant risk factor for the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy. Recent work has demonstrated CMV DNA in leukocytes in the absence of direct allograft infection, suggesting that vascular changes may not be limited to the allograft.

Successful heart transplantation following neonatal necrotic enterovirus myocarditis.

Enterovirus myocarditis is a potentially devastating diagnosis in the neonatal setting, with an associated high mortality and risk for chronically impaired cardiac function. Transplantation may be a possible therapeutic option, but, due to the comparative scarcity of the presentation, the limited donor pool, and fears of viral persistence and recurrence of myocarditis (especially in the immunocompromised, post-transplant setting), there are no reported cases in the literature. This case report illustrates an encouraging one-year outcome following heart transplantation for necrotic enterovirus myocarditis in a neonate.