Metabolic Control With the Bio-inspired Artificial Pancreas in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A 24-Hour Randomized Controlled Crossover Study.

Background: The Bio-inspired Artificial Pancreas (BiAP) is a closed-loop insulin delivery system based on a mathematical model of beta-cell physiology and implemented in a microchip within a low-powered handheld device. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the BiAP over 24 hours, followed by a substudy assessing the safety of the algorithm without and with partial meal announcement. Changes in lactate and 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were investigated for the first time during closed-loop.

Feasibility study of a bio-inspired artificial pancreas in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Background: This study assesses proof of concept and safety of a novel bio-inspired artificial pancreas (BiAP) system in adults with type 1 diabetes during fasting, overnight, and postprandial conditions. In contrast to existing glucose controllers in artificial pancreas systems, the BiAP uses a control algorithm based on a mathematical model of β-cell physiology. The algorithm is implemented on a miniature silicon microchip within a portable hand-held device that interfaces the components of the artificial pancreas.

Intrahepatic insulin exposure, intrahepatocellular lipid and regional body fat in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Context: Insulin is pivotal in regulating hepatic lipid synthesis, metabolism, and export.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that intrahepatic insulin exposure is an important determinant of intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL), taking into account regional adiposity and both glucoregulatory and antilipolytic insulin sensitivity.

Research Design And Methods: We compared 21 European males with known nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with 19 healthy male controls.

Type 2 diabetes is associated with reduced ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 gene expression, protein and function.

Objective: Increasing plasma glucose levels are associated with increasing risk of vascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that there is a glycaemia-mediated impairment of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). We studied the influence of plasma glucose on expression and function of a key mediator in RCT, the ATP binding cassette transporter-A1 (ABCA1) and expression of its regulators, liver X receptor-α (LXRα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ).

The effects of rosiglitazone on atherosclerotic progression in patients with Type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk.

Aims: Cardiovascular mortality remains high despite intensive treatment of people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Meta-analyses on rosiglitazone have raised concerns regarding its cardiovascular safety. We studied the effects of rosiglitazone on ultrasonic indices of carotid arterial disease and inflammatory markers in a group of Type 2 diabetic patients at high cardiovascular risk.