Genetic consequences of domestication and refreshment on colonies of the South American fruit fly.

For almost a decade, natural populations of the South American fruit fly have been targeted for control through Sterile Insect Technique projects. To ensure a sustainable supply of competitive sterile flies for this approach, it is essential to understand the effects of domestication when strains of this pest are initially brought into the laboratory to establish colonies as well as the changes occurring after multiple generations of adaptation to conditions used for mass rearing. Using one colony established from a wild population of the Brazil-1 morphotype (WIL) and two from laboratory colonies in Brazil known as the Piracicaba (PL) and Vacaria (VL) strains, this study evaluated genetic diversity in samples from 10 generations after domestication and maintenance under semimass rearing conditions.

Effect of deep brain stimulation on nonmotor symptoms in essential tremor.

Objective: Essential tremor (ET) is a prevalent movement disorder that also includes nonmotor symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for ET, yet its impact on nonmotor symptoms remains unclear. This study aims to describe neuropsychological outcomes following ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) DBS in a large cohort of patients with ET and identify factors associated with changes in depression and cognitive function.

Functional genomics implicates ebony in the black pupae phenotype of tephritid fruit flies.

The remarkable diversity of insect pigmentation offers a captivating avenue for studying evolution and genetics. In tephritids, understanding the molecular basis of mutant traits is also crucial for applied entomology, enabling the creation of genetic sexing strains through genome editing, thus facilitating sex-sorting before sterile insect releases. Here, we present evidence from classical and modern genetics showing that the black pupae (bp) phenotype in the GUA10 strain of Anastrepha ludens is caused by a large deletion at the ebony locus, removing the gene's entire coding region.

Network signatures define consciousness state during focal seizures.

Objective: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder affecting 1% of the global population. Loss of consciousness in focal impaired awareness seizures (FIASs) and focal-to-bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCSs) can be devastating, but the mechanisms are not well understood. Although ictal activity and interictal connectivity changes have been noted, the network states of focal aware seizures (FASs), FIASs, and FBTCSs have not been thoroughly evaluated with network measures ictally.