Hyaluronic acid: Function and location in the urothelial barrier for bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis, an in vitro study.

Disruption of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-layer and urothelial barrier is an important aspect of the pathophysiology of bladder pain syndrome/ interstitial cystitis. Intravesical hyaluronic acid (HA) is often used in treatments for IC/BPS, however the role in the urothelial barrier is unknown. This study aims to clarify the location and functional contribution of HA in the urothelium, using an in vitro model.

Functional outcome of cell seeded tracheal scaffold after mechanical stress in vitro.

Tracheal tissue engineering is still facing major challenges: realization of efficient vascularization and mechanical properties comparable to native trachea need to be achieved. In this study, we present a strategy for the manufacturing of a construct for tracheal tissue engineering by conditioning through cell seeding followed by mechanical stimulation in vitro. Scaffolds derived from porcine trachea decellularized with supercritical carbon dioxide were seeded with stem cells of different tissue sources and cultured in a bioreactor for 21 days under mechanical stimulation.

Collagen-Heparin-FGF2-VEGF Scaffolds Induce a Regenerative Gene Expression Profile in a Fetal Sheep Wound Model.

Background: The developmental abnormality spina bifida is hallmarked by missing tissues (e.g. skin) and exposure of the spinal cord to the amniotic fluid, which can negatively impact neurological development.

Bromide-Mediated Silane Oxidation: A Practical Counter-Electrode Process for Nonaqueous Deep Reductive Electrosynthesis.

The counter-electrode process of an organic electrochemical reaction is integral for the success and sustainability of the process. Unlike for oxidation reactions, counter-electrode processes for reduction reactions remain limited, especially for deep reductions that apply very negative potentials. Herein, we report the development of a bromide-mediated silane oxidation counter-electrode process for nonaqueous electrochemical reduction reactions in undivided cells.

Electrochemical Benzylic C(sp)-H Direct Amidation.

Amide bonds are ubiquitous and found in a myriad of functional molecules. Although formed in a reliable and robust fashion, alternative amide bond disconnections provide flexibility and synthetic control. Herein we describe an electrochemical method to form the non-amide C-N bond from direct benzylic C(sp)-H amidation.