Evaluation of the efficacy of nitrous oxide inhalation sedation on anxiety and pain levels of patients undergoing endodontic treatment in a vital tooth: A prospective randomized controlled trial.

Context: Anxiety and fear of pain are the two major deterrents for which patients avoid dental treatment. Local anesthetic, which forms the foundation for the delivery of pain-free endodontic treatment, does not serve the purpose in anxious patients and requires augmentation with other pharmacological agents.

Aims: The aim of this study is to observe the effectiveness of nitrous oxide in alleviating patient anxiety and pain during endodontic treatment of a vital tooth.

Comparison of dentinal damage induced by different nickel-titanium rotary instruments during canal preparation: An in vitro study.

Aim: To compare dentinal damage caused by hand and rotary nickel-titanium instruments using ProTaper, K3 Endo, and Easy RaCe systems after root canal preparation.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and fifty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were randomly divided into five experimental groups of 30 teeth each and biomechanical preparation was done: Group 1 with unprepared teeth; Group 2 were prepared with hand files; Group 3 with ProTaper rotary instruments; Group 4 with K3 rotary; Group 5 with Easy RaCe rotary instruments. Then, roots were cut horizontally at 3, 6, and 9 mm from apex and were viewed under stereomicroscope.

Bilateral temporal lobe agenesis with bilateral arachnoid cysts - a rare congenital anomaly.

Background: Bilateral temporal lobe agenesis/hypogenesis along with middle cranial fossa arachnoid cysts (ACs) is extremely rare, and very few cases have been reported in the literature.

Methods: We present the case of 2-year-old female presenting with chief complaints of headache, vomiting, and fever. There was a history of premature delivery in the seventh month and up-rolling of eyes since birth.

Ventriculostomy in a tumor involving the third ventricular floor.

Recently, endoscopic management has gotten preference over open surgical treatment in selected cases of intraventricular tumors. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) appears unfeasible when tumors extend to the third ventricular floor region due to the risk of perforators and injury to the basilar artery. We report the case of a 12-year-old male with symptoms of acute, chronic, raised intracranial pressure.

Neuro-endoscopic surgery--experience and outcome analysis of 102 consecutive procedures in a busy neurosurgical centre of India.

Background: Neuro-endoscopic surgery is finding increasing application for various clinical conditions. We present our experience of 100 cases of diverse intracranial lesions, including infections, managed by neuro-endoscopy in a busy neurosurgical department in the developing world.

Material And Methods: One hundred patients treated from March 1996 to February 2002 formed the study group.