Interaction with the cysteine-free protein HAX1 expands the substrate specificity and function of MIA40 beyond protein oxidation.

The mitochondrial disulphide relay machinery is essential for the import and oxidative folding of many proteins in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Its core component, the import receptor MIA40 (also CHCHD4), serves as an oxidoreductase but also as a chaperone holdase, which initially interacts with its substrates non-covalently before introducing disulphide bonds for folding and retaining proteins in the intermembrane space. Interactome studies have identified diverse substrates of MIA40, among them the intrinsically disordered HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX1).

Impact of gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent and local anesthetics co-administration on chondrogenic gadolinium uptake and cytotoxicity.

The gadolinium-based contrast agent DOTA-Gd is clinically used in combination with local anesthetics for direct magnetic resonance arthrography. It remains unclear whether gadolinium uptake into cartilage is influenced by co-administration of bupivacaine or ropivacaine and whether DOTA-Gd alters their chondrotoxicity. Gadolinium quantification of chondrogenic spheroids revealed enhanced gadolinium uptake after simultaneous exposure to local anesthetics.

Laser ultrasonic imaging of subsurface defects with the linear sampling method.

Laser ultrasonics is a remote nondestructive evaluation technique suitable for real-time monitoring of fabrication processes in semiconductor metrology, advanced manufacturing, and other applications where non-contact, high fidelity measurements are required. Here we investigate laser ultrasonic data processing approaches to reconstruct images of subsurface side drilled holes in aluminum alloy specimens. We demonstrate through simulation that the model-based linear sampling method (LSM) can perform accurate shape reconstruction of single and multiple holes and produce images with well-defined boundaries.

Multi-Defect Detection in Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures Using 3D Electrical Resistance Tomography.

Cellular lattice structures possess high strength-to-weight ratios suitable for advanced lightweight engineering applications. However, their quality and mechanical performance can degrade because of defects introduced during manufacturing or in-service. Their complexity and small length scale features make defects difficult to detect using conventional nondestructive evaluation methods.

Real-time laser ultrasonic monitoring of laser-induced thermal processes.

Intra- and inter-layer integrity of components fabricated with advanced manufacturing techniques, such as laser powder bed fusion, is dependent upon rapid heating, melting, and solidification processes. There is a need for new techniques to provide in situ feedback of these processes. Here a laser-based ultrasonic technique to probe thermal effects induced by a high-power continuous wave laser in titanium samples is described.