The Role of Dynamic Retinoscopy in Predicting Infantile Accommodative Esotropia and Influencing Emmetropization.

Introduction And Purpose: To investigate the role that dynamic retinoscopy can play in reducing the occurrence of infantile accommodative esotropia and facilitating emmetropization in infants with high hyperopia.

Patients And Methods: 211 orthotropic infants under 1 year of age (3.5 to 12 months) identified as having ≥5 diopters of hyperopia in their more hyperopic eye on a routine eye exam.

Ventriculoatrial synchrony induced heart failure.

Objective And Importance: Endless loop tachycardia or pacemaker-mediated tachycardia, and atrioventricular desynchronization arrhythmia or repetitive non-reentrant ventriculoatrial synchrony (RNRVAS) are two forms of reverse impulse conduction - ventriculoatrial (VA) synchrony. Although VA synchrony can theoretically cause aggravation of heart failure, clinical cases describing severe consequential heart failure are lacking.

Clinical Presentation And Intervention: We describe a case of a 60-year-old patient who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention and mitral valve surgery.

Combined recession and resection surgery in the management of convergence excess esotropia with different levels of AC/A ratio.

Purpose: To study prospectively the effect of extirpating the proprioceptive impulse at the myotendinous junction combined with recession of the medial rectus muscles in patients with convergence excess esotropia.

Methods: A total of 21 patients with different sizes of AC/A ratios (high, 8; normal, 12; low, 1) underwent a surgical procedure consisting of combining resection of 2.5 mm of the insertional end of the medial rectus muscles with recession from the original insertion, based on the patient's angle of esotropia at 1/3 m while wearing full cycloplegic refraction, with an additional recession of 1 mm for each rectus muscle based on current surgical tables.

Late Presentation of Ataxia, Areflexia, and Electrophysiological Abnormalities as Part of Miller Fisher Syndrome: Case Report.

Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is characterised by the triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. A case with external ophthalmoplegia and absence of ataxia and areflexia until the end of second week is presented. Electrophysiological findings became apparent after the third week and showed reduced amplitudes of sensory nerve action potentials and prolonged latencies of F with no evidence of conduction blocks.

Surgical planning and innervation in pontine gaze palsy with ipsilateral esotropia.

Purpose: To discuss surgical intervention strategies among patients with horizontal gaze palsy with concurrent esotropia.

Methods: Five consecutive patients with dorsal pontine lesions are presented. Each patient had horizontal gaze palsy with symptomatic diplopia as a consequence of esotropia in primary gaze and an anomalous head turn to attain single binocular vision.