Mach 18 flow velocimetry with 100-kHz KTV and PLEET in AEDC Tunnel 9.

Krypton Tagging Velocimetry (KTV) and Picosecond Laser Electronic Excitation Tagging (PLEET) velocimetry at a 100-kHz rate were demonstrated in Mach 18 flow conditions at the Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC) Tunnel 9 employing a burst-mode laser system and a custom optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The measured freestream flow velocities from both KTV and PLEET agreed well with the theoretical calculation. The increase in repetition rate provides better capability to perform time-resolved velocimetry measurements in hypersonic flow environments.

Freestream velocity-profile measurement in a large-scale, high-enthalpy reflected-shock tunnel.

Abstract: We apply Krypton Tagging Velocimetry (KTV) to measure velocity profiles in the freestream of a large, national-scale high-enthalpy facility, the T5 Reflected-Shock Tunnel at Caltech. The KTV scheme utilizes two-photon excitation at 216.67 nm with a pulsed dye laser, followed by re-excitation at 769.

Two-photon cross-section calculations for krypton in the 190-220 nm range.

This paper presents multi-path, two-photon excitation cross-section calculations for krypton, using first-order perturbation theory. For evaluation of the two-photon-transition matrix element, this paper formulates the two-photon cross-section calculation as a matrix mechanics problem. From a finite basis of states, consisting of 4, 5, 6, 7, 5, 6, 4, 5, and 6 orbitals, electric dipole matrix elements are constructed, and a Green's function is expressed as a truncated, spectral expansion of solutions, satisfying the Schrödinger equation.

[An emulsion based on 1-bromoperfluorooctane: X-ray contrast properties and mechanisms of X-ray contrasting].

It has been shown that the emulsion of a mixture of the perfluorocarbons 1-bromoperfluorooctane and perfluoro[1-(4-methylcyclohexyl)piperidine], stabilized by egg yolk phospholipids, makes it possible to contrast rapidly (beginning with the 10th minute) and for a long time (up to 5 days) the tissues of various organs, such as liver, spleen, adrenal glands, heart, and the peritoneal part of the aorta. The roentgenograms of rat organs in in vivo experiments were evaluated by computer-assisted morphodensitometry. The contrasting of organs at early terms of the circulation of emulsion in the body is related to a high concentration of 1-bromoperfluorooctane in the blood flow, and the contrasting at later terms is related to the accumulation of emulsion particles by cells of the reticuloendothelial system.

[Effect of perfluorocarbon emulsions on function of enzyme systems responsible for generating active forms of oxygen in neutrophils].

The ability of the emulsion of perfluoroorganic compounds stabilized with proxanol 268 to affect the functions of peritoneal neutrophils was evaluated. The functional activity of neutrophils was estimated from the intensity of generation of reactive oxygen species using the method of chemiluminescent analysis. The emulsion was shown to suppress the neutrophil responses to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate in a dose-dependent manner.