Publications by authors named "D Schanzer"
Importance: Achievement of the World Health Organization (WHO) target of eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030 will require an increase in key services, including harm reduction, HCV screening, and HCV treatment initiatives in member countries. These data are not available for Canada but are important for informing a national HCV elimination strategy.
Objective: To use a decision analytical model to explore the association of different treatment strategies with HCV epidemiology and HCV-associated mortality in Canada and to assess the levels of service increase needed to meet the WHO elimination targets by 2030.
Backgrounds: Hospitalizations associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and liver disease increased on average by 6.0% per year from 2004 to 2010 in Canada and were projected (in 2010) to increase by another 4% by 2016. The first generation of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) became available in 2012.
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- - The introduction of the acellular pertussis vaccine into Canada's childhood immunization schedule in 1997-98 significantly decreased infant hospitalizations and ICU admissions for pertussis, with rates dropping from 165.1 to 33.6 per 100,000 population post-implementation.
- - Analysis of hospitalization data from 1981 to 2016 showed a 4.9 times lower risk of hospitalization and a 1.58 times lower risk of ICU admission in the period after the vaccine was introduced compared to before.
- - Despite the overall decline in hospitalizations, infants under 2 months still experienced the highest rates of pertussis-related hospital admissions, highlighting the continued vulnerability of this age group. *
Background: While combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has significantly improved survival times for persons diagnosed with HIV, estimation of life expectancy (LE) for this cohort remains a challenge, as mortality rates are a function of both time since diagnosis and age, and mortality rates for the oldest age groups may not be available.
Methods: A validated case-finding algorithm for HIV was used to update the cohort of HIV-positive adults who had entered care in Ontario, Canada as of 2012. The Chiang II abridged life table algorithm was modified to use mortality rates stratified by time since entering the cohort and to include various methods for extrapolation of the excess HIV mortality rates to older age groups.