Optimizing sacral screw fixation in patients with caudal regression syndrome.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare techniques and outcomes associated with two different technique of pelvic screw insertion in patients with caudal spine absence.

Methods: A cohort of patients with varying degrees of caudal structural regression, serves as the focal point of this investigation. Pelvic configurations were classified based on established criteria to facilitate comparative analysis.

Reliability and validity of the pediatric adaptation of the mJOA scale for evaluating cervical spine disorders.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the pediatric adaptation of the Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scale in pediatric patients with various cervical spine pathologies.

Methods: Initial assessments were performed by a neurosurgeon, followed by an independent evaluation by a neurologist within 1-2 days to test inter-rater reliability. The same clinician assessed the same group of children using the adapted mJOA scale at different point in time (between 1 month and 1 year after the initial assessment) to test intra-rater reliability.

Segmental Spinal Aplasia: Anatomical Variations and Treatment Insights.

Study Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: The study aimed to analyze anatomical variants of segmental spinal aplasia (SSA) and investigate factors influencing surgical treatment outcomes, with a specific focus on the incidence of complications.

Methods: The study focused on patients with SSA treated at a single medical center, with over two years of follow-up.

Sweet corn phytoglycogen dendrimers as a lyoprotectant for dry-state protein storage.

Protein biotherapeutics typically require expensive cold-chain storage to maintain their fold and function. Packaging proteins in the dry state via lyophilization can reduce these cold-chain requirements. However, formulating proteins for lyophilization often requires extensive optimization of excipients that both maintain the protein folded state during freezing and drying (i.

Association of spinal cord abnormalities with vertebral anomalies: an embryological perspective.

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between spinal cord and vertebral abnormalities from the point of view of embryology.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical and radiological data of 260 children with different types of spinal cord malformations in combination with vertebral abnormalities.

Results: Among 260 individuals, approximately 109 presented with open neural tube defects (ONTDs), 83 with split cord malformations (SCMs), and 83 with different types of spinal lipomas.