Tracheostomy as a Management Option After Listing for Pediatric Cardiac Transplantation.

Background: Children with end-stage heart failure listed for cardiac transplantation may require mechanical ventilation and/or circulatory support whilst awaiting transplantation. A subgroup of these patients is unable to wean off mechanical ventilator support and undergo tracheostomy to enhance quality of life and allow de-escalation of intensive care. There is limited evidence of the use of tracheostomy associated with pediatric cardiac transplantation.

A spatial human thymus cell atlas mapped to a continuous tissue axis.

T cells develop from circulating precursor cells, which enter the thymus and migrate through specialized subcompartments that support their maturation and selection. In humans, this process starts in early fetal development and is highly active until thymic involution in adolescence. To map the microanatomical underpinnings of this process in pre- and early postnatal stages, we established a quantitative morphological framework for the thymus-the Cortico-Medullary Axis-and used it to perform a spatially resolved analysis.

Paget-Schroetter Syndrome: A Case of a Young Weightlifter.

Venous thoracic outlet syndrome is a rare type of thoracic outlet disorder that is often overlooked. When an upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) occurs due to thoracic outlet compression, it is commonly referred to as Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS). The space between the first rib and the clavicle where the subclavian vein passes through is highly vulnerable to compression and injury.

Effect of a severe cold spell on overwintering survival of an invasive forest insect pest.

Cold temperatures can play a significant role in the range and impact of pest insects. Severe cold events can reduce the size of insect outbreaks and perhaps even cause outbreaks to end. Measuring the precise impact of cold events, however, can be difficult because estimates of insect mortality are often made at the end of the winter season.