Health Risks from Intake and Contact with Toxic Metal-Contaminated Water from Pager River, Uganda.

Pollution of water resources is one of the major impediments to the realization of Sustainable Development Goals, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical quality and potentially toxic element (lead and cadmium) concentrations in surface water sampled from Pager River, a tributary of the Nile River in Northern Uganda. Water samples ( = 18) were taken from six different points upstream (A, B, and C) and downstream (D, E, and F) of the river and analyzed following standard methods for their physiochemical properties.

The waist circumference measurement: a simple method for assessing the abdominal obesity.

Introduction: Excess abdominal fat is an independent predictor of the risk factors and the morbidity of obesity related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular diseases. The Waist Circumference (WC) is positively correlated with the abdominal fat. Hence, the waist circumference is a valuable, convenient and a simple measurement method which can be used for identifying the individuals who are at an increased risk for the above mentioned diseases.

Selenium protects the hypoxia induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells through upregulation of Bcl-2.

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient as well as a toxic trace element in animal and human nutrition. The effects of Se in the immune system and some diseases are well documented. The objective of the present study was to examine the role of Se in reducing the hypoxia induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cell line.

Antioxidant activities of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) during hypoxia induced oxidative stress in glial cells.

The present study reports the cytoprotective and antioxidant properties of alcoholic leaf extract of seabuckthorn (SBT) against hypoxia induced oxidative stress in C-6 glioma cells. Exposure of cells to hypoxia for 12 h resulted in a significant increase in cytotoxicity and decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential compared to the controls. Further an appreciable increase in nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was noted which in turn was responsible for fall in intracellular antioxidant levels and GSH/GSSG ratio.