Transcriptomic analysis of pancreatic tissue from humans and mice identifies potential gene signatures and unexplored pathways during progression from acute to chronic pancreatitis.

Background: A comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis (CP), a fibroinflammatory disorder of the pancreas, is warranted for the development of targeted therapies. The current study focused on comparing the transcriptomes of pancreatic tissues obtained from patients with CP with those of two rodent models of chemically induced CP to identify dysregulated genes/signaling pathways.

Methods: Pancreatitis was induced in mice using cerulein and L-arginine.

Smear layer removal comparing conventional irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation, EndoActivator System, and a new sonic device (Perfect Clean System) by scanning electron microscopy: An ex vivo study.

Aim: This study evaluated the smear layer removal provided by conventional, sonic, and ultrasonic irrigation techniques.

Methodology: Forty extracted human mandibular first premolars were selected and instrumented using the ProTaper Next System files and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite.

A Comprehensive Stereology Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Neuronal Injury, Neurodegeneration, and Neurogenesis in Brain Disorders.

Neuronal injury, neurodegeneration, and neuroanatomical changes are key pathological features of various neurological disorders, including epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, autism, and Alzheimer's disease. Accurate quantification of neurons and interneurons in different brain regions is critical for understanding the progression of neurodegenerative disorders in animal models. Traditional scoring methods are often superficial, biased, and unreliable for evaluating neuropathology.