Propionate Induces Virulent Properties of Crohn's Disease-Associated .

Crohn's disease (CD) is a severe chronic immune-mediated granulomatous inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The mechanisms of CD pathogenesis remain obscure. Metagenomic analysis of samples from CD patients revealed that several of them have the elevated level of with adhesive-invasive phenotype (AIEC).

Correction to: Draft genome sequences of Hirudo medicinalis and salivary transcriptome of three closely related medicinal leeches.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Draft genome sequences of Hirudo medicinalis and salivary transcriptome of three closely related medicinal leeches.

Background: Salivary cell secretion (SCS) plays a critical role in blood feeding by medicinal leeches, making them of use for certain medical purposes even today.

Results: We annotated the Hirudo medicinalis genome and performed RNA-seq on salivary cells isolated from three closely related leech species, H. medicinalis, Hirudo orientalis, and Hirudo verbana.

Neutrophil activation by Escherichia coli isolates from human intestine: effects of bacterial hydroperoxidase activity and surface hydrophobicity.

Successful colonization of the intestine requires that bacteria interact with the innate immune system and, in particular, neutrophils. Progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is associated with alterations in gut microbiota, and dysbiosis in Crohn's disease (CD) patients is often associated with an expansion of Escherichia coli. Here, we investigated the ability of such E.

Mucin adsorbed by E. coli can affect neutrophil activation in vitro.

Bacteria colonizing human intestine adhere to the gut mucosa and avoid the innate immune system. We previously demonstrated that Escherichia coli isolates can adsorb mucin from a diluted solution in vitro. Here, we evaluated the effect of mucin adsorption by E.