Emissions of Tetrafluoromethane (CF) and Hexafluoroethane (CF) From East Asia: 2008 to 2019.

The perfluorocarbons (PFCs), tetrafluoromethane (CF) and hexafluoroethane (CF), are potent greenhouse gases with very long atmospheric lifetimes. They are emitted almost entirely from industrial sources, including the aluminum and rare earth metal smelting industries that emit them as by-products, and the semiconductor and flat panel display manufacturing industries that use them and vent unutilized amounts to the atmosphere. Despite extensive industrial efforts to quantify and curb these emissions, "top-down" PFC emission estimates derived from atmospheric measurements continue to rise and are significantly greater than reported process- and inventory-based "bottom-up" emissions.

The Pressure Is On!: Neonatal Skin and Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure.

Background: Premature infants have an increased risk for developing skin breakdown. Perceivably noninvasive interventions may have detrimental effects on the infant's skin.

Purpose: This case presentation describes an extreme case of nasal breakdown associated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP).

Neonatal skin and chlorhexidine: a burning experience.

Purpose: Despite the lack of safety data, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is an antiseptic with broadspectrum coverage often used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Adverse skin reactions, most commonly burns, have been reported after the use of CHG. Preserving skin integrity in preterm infants is vital in the prevention of sepsis, excessive water loss, hypothermia, and renal failure.

Troponin.

Troponin T and I can be found within the myocardial filaments. Measuring these cardiac troponin levels in full-term newborns and premature infants has not become a common practice in the neonatal intensive care unit and newborn nurseries. Research studies are discovering that an elevation in troponin T and I levels can be directly correlated with the severity of the infant's illness, and it can be potentially prognostic of morbidity.

Bronze baby syndrome.

An in-depth review of jaundice in the newborn was covered in this column in the September/October 2007 issue. This article will include a brief review of bilirubin formation and discuss what is currently known about bronze baby syndrome (BBS). This column will include a short review of bilirubin formation and conclude with an unusual case study of a patient who developed BBS in the absence of direct hyperbilirubinemia.