Are healthier diets more sustainable? A cross-sectional assessment of 8 diet quality indexes and 7 sustainability metrics.

Background: A comparison of commonly used diet quality indexes (DQIs) and their association with multiple indicators of sustainability has not been performed, which limits policy action.

Objectives: To evaluate the associations between 8 DQIs and 7 sustainability indicators in a nationally representative sample in the United States.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, dietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018, n = 18,522 ≥20 y) were merged with data on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), cumulative energy demand (CED), water scarcity footprint (WSF), land, fertilizer nutrients, pesticides, and food prices from multiple publicly available databases.

Functional Evaluation of a Novel Homozygous ADCY3 Variant Causing Childhood Obesity.

Adenylate cyclase 3 () is a transmembrane protein predominantly expressed in the primary cilia of neurons. It plays a vital role in converting ATP to cAMP, a secondary messenger that regulates various downstream signaling pathways such as carbohydrates and lipids metabolism. Homozygous loss-of-function variants in the gene lead to severe early-onset obesity and insulin resistance whereas gain-of-function variants protect against obesity.

The role of ball path curvature in basketball shooting accuracy.

During the shooting motion of a basketball, the path of the ball from the beginning of the lift to release follows an S-shaped trajectory. This study is the first to investigate how two distinctive features of the S-shaped ball path, the maximum curvature, κ, and terminal curvature, σ, are associated with longitudinal accuracy. The sagittal plane ball path and curvature were found using Bezier curves for 31 professional male basketball athletes.

Toxicity Risks Associated With the Beta-Blocker Metoprolol in Marine and Freshwater Organisms: A Review.

The detection of pharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems has generated concern for wildlife and human health over the past several decades. β-adrenergic blocking agents are a class of drugs designed to treat cardiovascular diseases and high blood pressure. Metoprolol is a second-generation β1-adrenergic receptor inhibitor detected in effluent derived from sewage treatment plants.

Foodprint 2.0: A computational simulation model that estimates the agricultural resource requirements of diet patterns.

Reducing the environmental pressures stemming from food production is central to meeting global sustainability targets. Shifting diets represents one lever for improving food system sustainability, and identifying sustainable diet opportunities requires computational models to represent complex systems and allow users to evaluate counterfactual scenarios. Despite an increase in the number of food system sustainability models, there remains a lack of transparency of data inputs and mathematical formulas to facilitate replication by researchers and application by diverse stakeholders.