Functional large-conductance calcium and voltage-gated potassium channels in extracellular vesicles act as gatekeepers of structural and functional integrity.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are associated with intercellular communications, immune responses, viral pathogenicity, cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer progression. EVs deliver proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids into recipient cells to effectively alter their physiological and biological response. During their transportation from the donor to the recipient cell EVs face differential ionic concentrations, which can be detrimental to their integrity and impact their cargo content.

Who Do We Fail to Rescue after Pancreatoduodenectomy? Outcomes Among >4000 Procedures Expose Windows of Opportunity.

Objective: Our investigation on in-hospital mortality after 4474 pancreatoduodenectomies aimed to identify time-dependent risks as well as windows of opportunity to rescue patients from complications.

Background: Pancreatoduodenectomy is generally considered a safe procedure with a 1-10% perioperative mortality based on complexity and surgical volume. Yet, patients are susceptible for life-threatening complications particularly with extended resections.

Characterization of CRISPR/Cas9 RANKL knockout mesenchymal stem cell clones based on single-cell printing technology and Emulsion Coupling assay as a low-cellularity workflow for single-cell cloning.

The homogeneity of the genetically modified single-cells is a necessity for many applications such as cell line development, gene therapy, and tissue engineering and in particular for regenerative medical applications. The lack of tools to effectively isolate and characterize CRISPR/Cas9 engineered cells is considered as a significant bottleneck in these applications. Especially the incompatibility of protein detection technologies to confirm protein expression changes without a preconditional large-scale clonal expansion creates a gridlock in many applications.

Direct comparison of the immunogenicity of major histocompatibility complex-I and -II deficient mesenchymal stem cells .

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in tissue engineering applications aiming at the regeneration or substitution of damaged tissues. In this context, off-the-shelf allogeneic MSCs would represent an attractive universal cell source. However, immune rejection is a major limitation for the clinical use of allogeneic MSCs.

Activation of TRPV4 stimulates transepithelial ion flux in a porcine choroid plexus cell line.

The choroid plexus (CP) epithelium plays a major role in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A polarized cell line, the porcine CP-Riems (PCP-R) line, which exhibits many of the characteristics of the native epithelium, was used to study the effect of activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) cation channel found in the PCP-R cells as well as in the native epithelium. Ussing-style electrophysiological experiments showed that activation of TRPV4 with a specific agonist, GSK1016790A, resulted in an immediate increase in both transepithelial ion flux and conductance.