And yet they glow: thiazole based push-pull fluorophores containing nitro groups and the influence of regioisomerism.

Reported is a study on the influence of regioisomerism on the photophysical properties in 4-hydroxy-1,3-thiazole-based push-pull-chromophores/fluorophores to evaluate the molecular structure-property relationship as a basic foundation for future design strategies concerning this class of dyes. Surprisingly, the nitro groups used as acceptors do not act as a fluorescence quencher, instead the derivatives synthesized exhibit quantum yields of 37-40%. Two 4-ethoxy-1,3-thiazole derivatives which differ only in the positioning of their electron donating (methoxy) and electron withdrawing (nitro) groups have been synthesized and examined in terms of their photophysical properties, i.

Acute topiramate differentially affects human aggressive responding at low vs. moderate doses in subjects with histories of substance abuse and antisocial behavior.

Anticonvulsant drugs have demonstrated efficacy in the management of irritability and aggression in a variety of psychiatric populations. We examined the acute effects of topiramate on aggression using a laboratory model of human aggression (PSAP) in individuals at high risk for aggressive and violent behavior.Twelve subjects, on parole/probation and with an Axis-II personality disorder and/or a substance use disorder, received 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg in an ascending sequence, with intervening placebo doses.

Modulation of human risky decision making by flunitrazepam.

Rationale: GABA-modulating drugs produce disinhibitory effects that increase the probability of risk-taking behavior. Previous reports suggest that the misuse of the benzodiazepine flunitrazepam is associated with several forms of harmful risky behavior, including theft, violence, and intoxication-related auto accidents.

Objectives: The present study examined the dose-response relationships between acute flunitrazepam administration and human decision making under conditions of risk.

Effects of acute tiagabine administration on aggressive responses of adult male parolees.

Experimental and clinical studies have supported a relationship between gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and aggressive behavior in non-humans and humans. Tiagabine is a GABA uptake inhibitor that has been shown to produce acute behavioral effects in animals. In addition, tiagabine has been shown to decrease aggression in agitated patients when administered chronically.

Human proactive aggression: association with personality disorders and psychopathy.

Aggressive behaviors can be divided into two categories: reactive and proactive. Reactive aggressive behaviors occur in response to a stimulus or provocation. Proactive aggressive behaviors occur without provocation and are goal directed.