Pragmatic Adaptations to Kids SIPsmartER's Implementation Protocol Supported Its Delivery During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: Describe the adaptation, implementation, and perceptions of Kids SIPsmartER's classroom component during the coronavirus disease-impacted 2020-2021 school year.

Design: Mixed methods process evaluation.

Setting: Seven rural Appalachian middle schools (US).

Beverage behaviors and correlates among Head Start preschooler-parent dyads.

Objectives: To describe beverage behaviors among preschooler-parent dyads and explore correlates with preschooler's beverage behaviors.

Methods: This exploratory, cross-sectional study includes a convenience sample of 202 parents of preschoolers surveyed from four Head Start programs in Virginia and Ohio. Measurements included parent-child beverage behaviors, parent beverage perceptions, parent beverage rules, home beverage availability, and demographics.

Improving Fecal Immunochemical Test Return Rates: A Colorectal Cancer Screening Quality Improvement Project in a Multisite Federally Qualified Health Center.

The goal of this quality improvement project was to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates in a multicenter federally qualified health center (FQHC) within the Central Appalachian region of rural, southwestern Virginia. Guided by the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle, the objectives were to (1) evaluate implementation processes and effectiveness of an automated electronic medical record patient reminder system to promote fecal immunochemical test (FIT) completion, compared with live telephone reminders delivered by a care coordinator (i.e.

The interaction between the oropharyngeal geometry and aerosols via pressurised metered dose inhalers.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of oropharyngeal geometry on inhaled aerosol characteristics via pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs), both with or without spacers.

Methods: Seven adult oropharyngeal models with different centreline lengths, total volumes, and degrees of constriction were employed as induction ports for a laser diffraction particle size analyser and cascade impactor. Particle size change over time, mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD), average median volume diameter (D(V)50), inhaled doses, and oropharyngeal depositions (percentage of the nominal dose) for aerosols via suspension and ultrafine pMDIs with or without spacers at 30 l/min airflow were determined.

Investigating improving powder deagglomeration via dry powder inhalers at a low inspiratory flow rate by employing add-on spacers.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether small add-on spacers alone or equipped with a passive deagglomerating component would improve aerosol performances of passive low airflow resistance dry powder inhalers (DPIs) at a low inhalation flow rate. Depositions of beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) and salbutamol sulphate (SS) via the Asmabec Clickhaler and Asmasal Clickhaler at 30 L/min airflow rate in an oropharyngeal model and attached filter were determined. Three add-on spacers, one with 5.