Biomarkers.

Background: The present study examined OSA using an objective home sleep test in 81 adults with DS (aged 25 ∼ 61 years) and evaluated associations between sleep-disordered breathing problems and biomarkers of AD pathology (PET Aβ and tau) and symptomology (cognitive performance and depressed mood).

Method: As part of the ABC-DS study, participants completed a 2.5-hour battery of cognitive measures and underwent MRI and PET imaging scans and a blood draw.

Developing Topics.

Background: Prior studies suggest that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, including Aβ42/Aβ40 and p-Tau181. However, less is known about relationships between OSA and non-AD pathology, including neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S100, chitinase 3-like 1 (YKL40), and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), as well as the effect of potential moderating factors. The present study investigated the relationship between the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD and related pathology.

3D-Printed Self-Assembling Helical Models for Exploring Viral Capsid Structures.

This work presents a novel application of additive manufacturing in the design of self-assembling helical viral capsids using 3D-printed components. Expanding on prior work with 3D-printed self-assembling spherical capsids, we developed helical models that integrate geometric parameters and magnetic interactions to mimic key features of the assembly process of helical viral capsids. Using dual-helix phyllotactic patterns and simplified electrostatic simulations, these models consistently self-assemble into a cylinder, providing unique insights into the structural organization and stability of helical capsids.

Validation and performance of the sleep inertia questionnaire in central disorders of hypersomnolence.

Background: Optimal measurement tools for problematic sleep inertia, common in some central disorders of hypersomnolence (CDH), have not yet been determined. We evaluated the performance of the Sleep Inertia Questionnaire (SIQ) in CDH, and how well it distinguished hypersomnolent groups from controls, and IH (idiopathic hypersomnia) from narcolepsy type 1 (NT1).

Methods: This prospective, bi-centric study included 63 control, 84 IH, 16 NT1, 18 narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and 88 subjective excessive daytime sleepiness (sEDS) participants, using ICSD-3 criteria.