Clearing the Air on the Efficacy of Hypoxia Recognition Training.

Hypoxia recognition training (HRT) is a requirement for many nations' military aircrew. The aim of HRT is to enhance the ability of aircrew to recognize and recover from an unexpected in-flight hypoxic exposure; however, there is a paucity of research evaluating the efficacy of HRT and whether current training approaches are optimal. Rather, the benefits of HRT are routinely promulgated based on opinions and anecdotes.

Surveillance of Wildlife Viruses: Insights from South Australia's Monitoring of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV GI.1 and GI.2).

Surveillance of wildlife virus impacts can be passive or active. Both approaches have their strengths and weaknesses, especially regarding cost and knowledge that can be gained. Monitoring of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (GI.

Cortical Venous Thrombosis Caused by Venous Compression by Arachnoid Cyst.

Clinical Problem: Identification, work-up and treatment approach of isolated cortical venous thrombosis (ICVT) in the absence of traditional risk factors.

Case Presentation: A 66-year-old previously well male presenting with two episodes of left-sided spreading sensory symptoms, found to be secondary to ICVT from extrinsic compression by an arachnoid cyst.

Key Teaching Points: Early identification of structural abnormalities causing extrinsic venous compression and ICVT or cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is important for alternative treatment options and to avoid unnecessary testing.

Targeting Ras-, Rho-, and Rab-family GTPases via a conserved cryptic pocket.

The family of Ras-like GTPases consists of over 150 different members, regulated by an even larger number of guanine exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that comprise cellular switch networks that govern cell motility, growth, polarity, protein trafficking, and gene expression. Efforts to develop selective small molecule probes and drugs for these proteins have been hampered by the high affinity of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and lack of allosteric regulatory sites. This paradigm was recently challenged by the discovery of a cryptic allosteric pocket in the switch II region of K-Ras.

Use of Mohr diagrams to predict fracturing in rock masses, with applications for predicting sub-surface behavior.

Mohr diagrams are a simple and effective method that can help geoscientists consider, model, and predict the ranges of mechanical properties of rock, stresses, fluid pressures, and the resultant fractures that are likely to occur in the sub-surface. Mohr diagrams can be used to make predictions about how rocks may respond to change, with a transition from a stable state to fracturing occurring if there are changes in (1) the failure envelope, (2) stresses, and/or (3) fluid pressure. This article uses Mohr diagrams to address two questions of significance to the energy transition.