Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2a Expression Is Positively Correlated With Gleason Score in Prostate Cancer.

Background: One of the main factors in response to hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment is the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. Although its role in other solid tumors, particularly renal cell carcinoma, has been sufficiently elucidated, it remains elusive in prostate cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of main proteins involved in this pathway and determine the correlation of the results with clinicopathological outcomes of patients with prostate cancer.

A giant adrenal cyst difficult to diagnose except by surgery.

Introduction: Adrenal cysts represent rare clinical entities. Although surgical indications are well defined, pitfalls arise from the failure to establish an accurate preoperative diagnosis. Cystic lesions of other abdominal organs especially the pancreas complicate the diagnostic field.

Calcific myonecrosis of the leg: report of three patients presenting with infection.

Background: Calcific myonecrosis is a rare late complication of trauma, affecting almost exclusively the lower limb. Its radiologic appearance is characteristic. Superimposed infection usually is a sequela of biopsy.

Hydatid disease of the tarsal bones. A case report.

Hydatid disease is caused by the larval form of the tapeworm Echinococcus. Osseous cysts are rare and very few cases of foot infestation have been reported. We present the case of a 51-year-old woman who developed a palpable mass at the medial dorsal aspect of the right midfoot.

Neurovascular injury during primary total hip arthroplasty caused by a threaded acetabulum cup.

We report an iatrogenic neurovascular injury during hip arthroplasty surgery. During insertion of a threaded titanium cup into a dysplastic acetabulum (lack of anterior wall), both the common femoral artery and nerve were crushed. It is therefore recommended that, if the soft tissues are exposed and can interfere with the instruments, inserts that require rotation should not be selected to be placed in the acetabulum.