Corrigendum to "Manipulation Under Anesthesia in Infants With Arthrogenic Newborn Torticollis: A Retrospective Case Series" [Journal of Chiropractic Medicine 17 (2018) 289-297].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.

[Preventive pain therapy. Preventive tramadol infusion versus bolus application in the early postoperative phase].

Even today, adequate postoperative analgesia is still a great problem. Based on positive results of former studies using a continuous infusion of tramadol for postoperative pain relief, we aimed to improve this regimen. In order to investigate the effectiveness of preventive analgesia, one group of patients was given 100 mg tramadol (Tramal) at the time of extubation, followed by a maintenance infusion.

Comparison of tramadol with morphine for post-operative pain following abdominal surgery.

In a multi-centre, double-blind, randomized study involving 523 patients, the analgesic efficacy of tramadol was compared to that of morphine given in repeated intravenous boluses as required to control post-operative pain following abdominal surgery over 24 h. Intravenous administration of the study analgesic started as soon as the patient reported pain. Patients received an initial dose (either tramadol 100 mg or morphine 5 mg) and, if necessary, repeat doses of tramadol 50 mg or morphine 5 mg could be given on demand over the first 90 min.

[Postoperative analgesia with tramadol. Continuous infusion versus repetitive bolus administration].

Postoperative pain relief can be achieved by several methods, including the use of systemic opioids and regional anaesthesia with intrathecal or epidural opioids or local anaesthetics. On-demand analgesia using a PCA (patient-controlled analgesia) system is regarded as the ideal option for systemic opioid analgesia. While PCA devices are not yet commonly used in all recovery units, the use of repetitive boluses on demand is still the most frequent form of administration in postoperative pain therapy.